How to integrate Google Sheets MCP with Claude Agent SDK

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Introduction

This guide walks you through connecting Google Sheets to the Claude Agent SDK using the Composio tool router. By the end, you'll have a working Google Sheets agent that can add a new sheet named 'q3 sales', update all rows where status is 'pending', create a pie chart of expenses by category, clear values in the 'drafts' worksheet through natural language commands.

This guide will help you understand how to give your Claude Agent SDK agent real control over a Google Sheets account through Composio's Google Sheets MCP server.

Before we dive in, let's take a quick look at the key ideas and tools involved.

TL;DR

Here's what you'll learn:
  • Get and set up your Claude/Anthropic and Composio API keys
  • Install the necessary dependencies
  • Initialize Composio and create a Tool Router session for Google Sheets
  • Configure an AI agent that can use Google Sheets as a tool
  • Run a live chat session where you can ask the agent to perform Google Sheets operations

What is Claude Agent SDK?

The Claude Agent SDK is Anthropic's official framework for building AI agents powered by Claude. It provides a streamlined interface for creating agents with MCP tool support and conversation management.

Key features include:

  • Native MCP Support: Built-in support for Model Context Protocol servers
  • Permission Modes: Control tool execution permissions
  • Streaming Responses: Real-time response streaming for interactive applications
  • Context Manager: Clean async context management for sessions

What is the Google Sheets MCP server, and what's possible with it?

The Google Sheets MCP server is an implementation of the Model Context Protocol that connects your AI agent and assistants like Claude, Cursor, etc directly to your Google Sheets account. It provides structured and secure access to your spreadsheets, so your agent can perform actions like creating new sheets, updating data, generating charts, and automating spreadsheet workflows on your behalf.

  • Spreadsheet creation and management: Instantly create new Google Sheets and add new worksheets (tabs) to existing spreadsheets whenever you need extra space or organization.
  • Bulk data reading and updating: Retrieve specific data ranges, aggregate column data, or update multiple rows and cells at once—perfect for reporting or syncing external data.
  • Automated chart generation: Direct your agent to build charts from selected data, making visualization and analysis faster and easier right inside your sheets.
  • Smart filtering and data cleanup: Have the agent clear filters, remove cell contents, or append rows and columns to keep your sheets tidy and up to date.
  • Dynamic data manipulation: Use advanced features like batch updates with data filters and aggregate operations to transform, filter, or summarize spreadsheet data efficiently.

Supported Tools & Triggers

Tools
Triggers
Add Sheet to SpreadsheetAdds a new sheet (worksheet) to a spreadsheet.
Aggregate Column DataSearches for rows where a specific column matches a value and performs mathematical operations on data from another column.
Append DimensionTool to append new rows or columns to a sheet, increasing its size.
Batch get spreadsheetRetrieves data from specified cell ranges in a google spreadsheet; ensure the spreadsheet has at least one worksheet and any explicitly referenced sheet names in ranges exist.
Batch update spreadsheetUpdates a specified range in a google sheet with given values, or appends them as new rows if `first cell location` is omitted; ensure the target sheet exists and the spreadsheet contains at least one worksheet.
Batch Update Values by Data FilterTool to update values in ranges matching data filters.
Clear Basic FilterTool to clear the basic filter from a sheet.
Clear spreadsheet valuesClears cell content (preserving formatting and notes) from a specified a1 notation range in a google spreadsheet; the range must correspond to an existing sheet and cells.
Create Chart in Google SheetsCreate a chart in a google sheets spreadsheet using the specified data range and chart type.
Create a Google SheetCreates a new google spreadsheet in google drive using the provided title.
Create spreadsheet columnCreates a new column in a google spreadsheet, requiring a valid `spreadsheet id` and an existing `sheet id`; an out-of-bounds `insert index` may append/prepend the column.
Create spreadsheet rowInserts a new, empty row into a specified sheet of a google spreadsheet at a given index, optionally inheriting formatting from the row above.
Delete Dimension (Rows/Columns)Tool to delete specified rows or columns from a sheet in a google spreadsheet.
Delete SheetTool to delete a sheet (worksheet) from a spreadsheet.
Execute SQL on SpreadsheetExecute sql queries against google sheets tables.
Find worksheet by titleFinds a worksheet by its exact, case-sensitive title within a google spreadsheet; returns a boolean indicating if found and the complete metadata of the entire spreadsheet, regardless of whether the target worksheet is found.
Format cellApplies text and background cell formatting to a specified range in a google sheets worksheet.
Get sheet namesLists all worksheet names from a specified google spreadsheet (which must exist), useful for discovering sheets before further operations.
Get Spreadsheet by Data FilterReturns the spreadsheet at the given id, filtered by the specified data filters.
Get spreadsheet infoRetrieves comprehensive metadata for a google spreadsheet using its id, excluding cell data.
Get Table SchemaThis action is used to get the schema of a table in a google spreadsheet, call this action to get the schema of a table in a spreadsheet before you query the table.
Insert Dimension in Google SheetTool to insert new rows or columns into a sheet at a specified location.
List Tables in SpreadsheetThis action is used to list all tables in a google spreadsheet, call this action to get the list of tables in a spreadsheet.
Look up spreadsheet rowFinds the first row in a google spreadsheet where a cell's entire content exactly matches the query string, searching within a specified a1 notation range or the first sheet by default.
Query Spreadsheet TableThis action is used to query a table in a google spreadsheet, call this action to query a table in a spreadsheet.
Search Developer MetadataTool to search for developer metadata in a spreadsheet.
Search SpreadsheetsSearch for google spreadsheets using various filters including name, content, date ranges, and more.
Set Basic FilterTool to set a basic filter on a sheet in a google spreadsheet.
Create sheet from JSONCreates a new google spreadsheet and populates its first worksheet from `sheet json`, which must be non-empty as its first item's keys establish the headers.
Copy Sheet to Another SpreadsheetTool to copy a single sheet from a spreadsheet to another spreadsheet.
Append Values to SpreadsheetTool to append values to a spreadsheet.
Batch Clear Spreadsheet ValuesTool to clear one or more ranges of values from a spreadsheet.
Batch Clear Values By Data FilterClears one or more ranges of values from a spreadsheet using data filters.
Batch Get Spreadsheet Values by Data FilterTool to return one or more ranges of values from a spreadsheet that match the specified data filters.
Update Sheet PropertiesTool to update properties of a sheet (worksheet) within a google spreadsheet, such as its title, index, visibility, tab color, or grid properties.
Update Spreadsheet PropertiesTool to update properties of a spreadsheet, such as its title, locale, or auto-recalculation settings.

What is the Composio tool router, and how does it fit here?

What is Tool Router?

Composio's Tool Router helps agents find the right tools for a task at runtime. You can plug in multiple toolkits (like Gmail, HubSpot, and GitHub), and the agent will identify the relevant app and action to complete multi-step workflows. This can reduce token usage and improve the reliability of tool calls. Read more here: Getting started with Tool Router

The tool router generates a secure MCP URL that your agents can access to perform actions.

How the Tool Router works

The Tool Router follows a three-phase workflow:

  1. Discovery: Searches for tools matching your task and returns relevant toolkits with their details.
  2. Authentication: Checks for active connections. If missing, creates an auth config and returns a connection URL via Auth Link.
  3. Execution: Executes the action using the authenticated connection.

Step-by-step Guide

Prerequisites

Before starting, make sure you have:
  • Composio API Key and Claude/Anthropic API Key
  • Primary know-how of Claude Agents SDK
  • A Google Sheets account
  • Some knowledge of Python

Getting API Keys for Claude/Anthropic and Composio

Claude/Anthropic API Key
  • Go to the Anthropic Console and create an API key. You'll need credits to use the models.
  • Keep the API key safe.
Composio API Key
  • Log in to the Composio dashboard.
  • Navigate to your API settings and generate a new API key.
  • Store this key securely as you'll need it for authentication.

Install dependencies

pip install composio-anthropic claude-agent-sdk python-dotenv

Install the Composio SDK and the Claude Agents SDK.

What's happening:

  • composio-anthropic provides Composio integration for Anthropic
  • claude-agent-sdk is the core agent framework
  • python-dotenv loads environment variables

Set up environment variables

bash
COMPOSIO_API_KEY=your_composio_api_key_here
USER_ID=your_user_id_here
ANTHROPIC_API_KEY=your_anthropic_api_key_here

Create a .env file in your project root.

What's happening:

  • COMPOSIO_API_KEY authenticates with Composio
  • USER_ID identifies the user for session management
  • ANTHROPIC_API_KEY authenticates with Anthropic/Claude

Import dependencies

import asyncio
from claude_agent_sdk import ClaudeSDKClient, ClaudeAgentOptions
import os
from composio import Composio
from dotenv import load_dotenv

load_dotenv()
What's happening:
  • We're importing all necessary libraries including the Claude Agent SDK and Composio
  • The load_dotenv() function loads environment variables from your .env file
  • This setup prepares the foundation for connecting Claude with Google Sheets functionality

Create a Composio instance and Tool Router session

async def chat_with_remote_mcp():
    api_key = os.getenv("COMPOSIO_API_KEY")
    if not api_key:
        raise RuntimeError("COMPOSIO_API_KEY is not set")

    composio = Composio(api_key=api_key)

    # Create Tool Router session for Google Sheets
    mcp_server = composio.create(
        user_id=os.getenv("USER_ID"),
        toolkits=["googlesheets"]
    )

    url = mcp_server.mcp.url

    if not url:
        raise ValueError("Session URL not found")
What's happening:
  • The function checks for the required COMPOSIO_API_KEY environment variable
  • We're creating a Composio instance using our API key
  • The create method creates a Tool Router session for Google Sheets
  • The returned url is the MCP server URL that your agent will use

Configure Claude Agent with MCP

# Configure remote MCP server for Claude
options = ClaudeAgentOptions(
    permission_mode="bypassPermissions",
    mcp_servers={
        "composio": {
            "type": "http",
            "url": url,
            "headers": {
                "x-api-key": os.getenv("COMPOSIO_API_KEY")
            }
        }
    },
    system_prompt="You are a helpful assistant with access to Google Sheets tools via Composio.",
    max_turns=10
)
What's happening:
  • We're configuring the Claude Agent options with the MCP server URL
  • permission_mode="bypassPermissions" allows the agent to execute operations without asking for permission each time
  • The system prompt instructs the agent that it has access to Google Sheets
  • max_turns=10 limits the conversation length to prevent excessive API usage

Create client and start chat loop

# Create client with context manager
async with ClaudeSDKClient(options=options) as client:
    print("\nChat started. Type 'exit' or 'quit' to end.\n")

    # Main chat loop
    while True:
        user_input = input("You: ").strip()
        if user_input.lower() in {"exit", "quit"}:
            print("Goodbye!")
            break

        # Send query
        await client.query(user_input)

        # Receive and print response
        print("Claude: ", end="", flush=True)
        async for message in client.receive_response():
            if hasattr(message, "content"):
                for block in message.content:
                    if hasattr(block, "text"):
                        print(block.text, end="", flush=True)
        print()
What's happening:
  • The Claude SDK client is created using the async context manager pattern
  • The agent processes each query and streams the response back in real-time
  • The chat loop continues until the user types 'exit' or 'quit'

Run the application

if __name__ == "__main__":
    asyncio.run(chat_with_remote_mcp())
What's happening:
  • This entry point runs the async chat_with_remote_mcp() function using asyncio.run()
  • The application will start, create the MCP connection, and begin the interactive chat session

Complete Code

Here's the complete code to get you started with Google Sheets and Claude Agent SDK:

import asyncio
from claude_agent_sdk import ClaudeSDKClient, ClaudeAgentOptions
import os
from composio import Composio
from dotenv import load_dotenv

load_dotenv()

async def chat_with_remote_mcp():
    api_key = os.getenv("COMPOSIO_API_KEY")
    if not api_key:
        raise RuntimeError("COMPOSIO_API_KEY is not set")

    composio = Composio(api_key=api_key)

    # Create Tool Router session for Google Sheets
    mcp_server = composio.create(
        user_id=os.getenv("USER_ID"),
        toolkits=["googlesheets"]
    )

    url = mcp_server.mcp.url

    if not url:
        raise ValueError("Session URL not found")

    # Configure remote MCP server for Claude
    options = ClaudeAgentOptions(
        permission_mode="bypassPermissions",
        mcp_servers={
            "composio": {
                "type": "http",
                "url": url,
                "headers": {
                    "x-api-key": os.getenv("COMPOSIO_API_KEY")
                }
            }
        },
        system_prompt="You are a helpful assistant with access to Google Sheets tools via Composio.",
        max_turns=10
    )

    # Create client with context manager
    async with ClaudeSDKClient(options=options) as client:
        print("\nChat started. Type 'exit' or 'quit' to end.\n")

        # Main chat loop
        while True:
            user_input = input("You: ").strip()
            if user_input.lower() in {"exit", "quit"}:
                print("Goodbye!")
                break

            # Send query
            await client.query(user_input)

            # Receive and print response
            print("Claude: ", end="", flush=True)
            async for message in client.receive_response():
                if hasattr(message, "content"):
                    for block in message.content:
                        if hasattr(block, "text"):
                            print(block.text, end="", flush=True)
            print()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    asyncio.run(chat_with_remote_mcp())

Conclusion

You've successfully built a Claude Agent SDK agent that can interact with Google Sheets through Composio's Tool Router.

Key features:

  • Native MCP support through Claude's agent framework
  • Streaming responses for real-time interaction
  • Permission bypass for smooth automated workflows
You can extend this by adding more toolkits, implementing custom business logic, or building a web interface around the agent.

How to build Google Sheets MCP Agent with another framework

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CrewAI

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FAQ

What are the differences in Tool Router MCP and Google Sheets MCP?

With a standalone Google Sheets MCP server, the agents and LLMs can only access a fixed set of Google Sheets tools tied to that server. However, with the Composio Tool Router, agents can dynamically load tools from Google Sheets and many other apps based on the task at hand, all through a single MCP endpoint.

Can I use Tool Router MCP with Claude Agent SDK?

Yes, you can. Claude Agent SDK fully supports MCP integration. You get structured tool calling, message history handling, and model orchestration while Tool Router takes care of discovering and serving the right Google Sheets tools.

Can I manage the permissions and scopes for Google Sheets while using Tool Router?

Yes, absolutely. You can configure which Google Sheets scopes and actions are allowed when connecting your account to Composio. You can also bring your own OAuth credentials or API configuration so you keep full control over what the agent can do.

How safe is my data with Composio Tool Router?

All sensitive data such as tokens, keys, and configuration is fully encrypted at rest and in transit. Composio is SOC 2 Type 2 compliant and follows strict security practices so your Google Sheets data and credentials are handled as safely as possible.

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