How to integrate Google Sheets MCP with CrewAI

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Introduction

This guide walks you through connecting Google Sheets to CrewAI using the Composio tool router. By the end, you'll have a working Google Sheets agent that can add a new sheet named 'q3 sales', update all rows where status is 'pending', create a pie chart of expenses by category, clear values in the 'drafts' worksheet through natural language commands.

This guide will help you understand how to give your CrewAI agent real control over a Google Sheets account through Composio's Google Sheets MCP server.

Before we dive in, let's take a quick look at the key ideas and tools involved.

TL;DR

Here's what you'll learn:
  • Get a Composio API key and configure your Google Sheets connection
  • Set up CrewAI with an MCP enabled agent
  • Create a Tool Router session or standalone MCP server for Google Sheets
  • Build a conversational loop where your agent can execute Google Sheets operations

What is CrewAI?

CrewAI is a powerful framework for building multi-agent AI systems. It provides primitives for defining agents with specific roles, creating tasks, and orchestrating workflows through crews.

Key features include:

  • Agent Roles: Define specialized agents with specific goals and backstories
  • Task Management: Create tasks with clear descriptions and expected outputs
  • Crew Orchestration: Combine agents and tasks into collaborative workflows
  • MCP Integration: Connect to external tools through Model Context Protocol

What is the Google Sheets MCP server, and what's possible with it?

The Google Sheets MCP server is an implementation of the Model Context Protocol that connects your AI agent and assistants like Claude, Cursor, etc directly to your Google Sheets account. It provides structured and secure access to your spreadsheets, so your agent can perform actions like creating new sheets, updating data, generating charts, and automating spreadsheet workflows on your behalf.

  • Spreadsheet creation and management: Instantly create new Google Sheets and add new worksheets (tabs) to existing spreadsheets whenever you need extra space or organization.
  • Bulk data reading and updating: Retrieve specific data ranges, aggregate column data, or update multiple rows and cells at once—perfect for reporting or syncing external data.
  • Automated chart generation: Direct your agent to build charts from selected data, making visualization and analysis faster and easier right inside your sheets.
  • Smart filtering and data cleanup: Have the agent clear filters, remove cell contents, or append rows and columns to keep your sheets tidy and up to date.
  • Dynamic data manipulation: Use advanced features like batch updates with data filters and aggregate operations to transform, filter, or summarize spreadsheet data efficiently.

Supported Tools & Triggers

Tools
Triggers
Add Sheet to SpreadsheetAdds a new sheet (worksheet) to a spreadsheet.
Aggregate Column DataSearches for rows where a specific column matches a value and performs mathematical operations on data from another column.
Append DimensionTool to append new rows or columns to a sheet, increasing its size.
Batch get spreadsheetRetrieves data from specified cell ranges in a google spreadsheet; ensure the spreadsheet has at least one worksheet and any explicitly referenced sheet names in ranges exist.
Batch update spreadsheetUpdates a specified range in a google sheet with given values, or appends them as new rows if `first cell location` is omitted; ensure the target sheet exists and the spreadsheet contains at least one worksheet.
Batch Update Values by Data FilterTool to update values in ranges matching data filters.
Clear Basic FilterTool to clear the basic filter from a sheet.
Clear spreadsheet valuesClears cell content (preserving formatting and notes) from a specified a1 notation range in a google spreadsheet; the range must correspond to an existing sheet and cells.
Create Chart in Google SheetsCreate a chart in a google sheets spreadsheet using the specified data range and chart type.
Create a Google SheetCreates a new google spreadsheet in google drive using the provided title.
Create spreadsheet columnCreates a new column in a google spreadsheet, requiring a valid `spreadsheet id` and an existing `sheet id`; an out-of-bounds `insert index` may append/prepend the column.
Create spreadsheet rowInserts a new, empty row into a specified sheet of a google spreadsheet at a given index, optionally inheriting formatting from the row above.
Delete Dimension (Rows/Columns)Tool to delete specified rows or columns from a sheet in a google spreadsheet.
Delete SheetTool to delete a sheet (worksheet) from a spreadsheet.
Execute SQL on SpreadsheetExecute sql queries against google sheets tables.
Find worksheet by titleFinds a worksheet by its exact, case-sensitive title within a google spreadsheet; returns a boolean indicating if found and the complete metadata of the entire spreadsheet, regardless of whether the target worksheet is found.
Format cellApplies text and background cell formatting to a specified range in a google sheets worksheet.
Get sheet namesLists all worksheet names from a specified google spreadsheet (which must exist), useful for discovering sheets before further operations.
Get Spreadsheet by Data FilterReturns the spreadsheet at the given id, filtered by the specified data filters.
Get spreadsheet infoRetrieves comprehensive metadata for a google spreadsheet using its id, excluding cell data.
Get Table SchemaThis action is used to get the schema of a table in a google spreadsheet, call this action to get the schema of a table in a spreadsheet before you query the table.
Insert Dimension in Google SheetTool to insert new rows or columns into a sheet at a specified location.
List Tables in SpreadsheetThis action is used to list all tables in a google spreadsheet, call this action to get the list of tables in a spreadsheet.
Look up spreadsheet rowFinds the first row in a google spreadsheet where a cell's entire content exactly matches the query string, searching within a specified a1 notation range or the first sheet by default.
Query Spreadsheet TableThis action is used to query a table in a google spreadsheet, call this action to query a table in a spreadsheet.
Search Developer MetadataTool to search for developer metadata in a spreadsheet.
Search SpreadsheetsSearch for google spreadsheets using various filters including name, content, date ranges, and more.
Set Basic FilterTool to set a basic filter on a sheet in a google spreadsheet.
Create sheet from JSONCreates a new google spreadsheet and populates its first worksheet from `sheet json`, which must be non-empty as its first item's keys establish the headers.
Copy Sheet to Another SpreadsheetTool to copy a single sheet from a spreadsheet to another spreadsheet.
Append Values to SpreadsheetTool to append values to a spreadsheet.
Batch Clear Spreadsheet ValuesTool to clear one or more ranges of values from a spreadsheet.
Batch Clear Values By Data FilterClears one or more ranges of values from a spreadsheet using data filters.
Batch Get Spreadsheet Values by Data FilterTool to return one or more ranges of values from a spreadsheet that match the specified data filters.
Update Sheet PropertiesTool to update properties of a sheet (worksheet) within a google spreadsheet, such as its title, index, visibility, tab color, or grid properties.
Update Spreadsheet PropertiesTool to update properties of a spreadsheet, such as its title, locale, or auto-recalculation settings.

What is the Composio tool router, and how does it fit here?

What is Tool Router?

Composio's Tool Router helps agents find the right tools for a task at runtime. You can plug in multiple toolkits (like Gmail, HubSpot, and GitHub), and the agent will identify the relevant app and action to complete multi-step workflows. This can reduce token usage and improve the reliability of tool calls. Read more here: Getting started with Tool Router

The tool router generates a secure MCP URL that your agents can access to perform actions.

How the Tool Router works

The Tool Router follows a three-phase workflow:

  1. Discovery: Searches for tools matching your task and returns relevant toolkits with their details.
  2. Authentication: Checks for active connections. If missing, creates an auth config and returns a connection URL via Auth Link.
  3. Execution: Executes the action using the authenticated connection.

Step-by-step Guide

Prerequisites

Before starting, make sure you have:
  • Python 3.9 or higher
  • A Composio account and API key
  • A Google Sheets connection authorized in Composio
  • An OpenAI API key for the CrewAI LLM
  • Basic familiarity with Python

Getting API Keys for OpenAI and Composio

OpenAI API Key
  • Go to the OpenAI dashboard and create an API key. You'll need credits to use the models, or you can connect to another model provider.
  • Keep the API key safe.
Composio API Key
  • Log in to the Composio dashboard.
  • Navigate to your API settings and generate a new API key.
  • Store this key securely as you'll need it for authentication.

Install dependencies

bash
pip install composio crewai crewai-tools python-dotenv
What's happening:
  • composio connects your agent to Google Sheets via MCP
  • crewai provides Agent, Task, Crew, and LLM primitives
  • crewai-tools includes MCP helpers
  • python-dotenv loads environment variables from .env

Set up environment variables

bash
COMPOSIO_API_KEY=your_composio_api_key_here
USER_ID=your_user_id_here
OPENAI_API_KEY=your_openai_api_key_here

Create a .env file in your project root.

What's happening:

  • COMPOSIO_API_KEY authenticates with Composio
  • USER_ID scopes the session to your account
  • OPENAI_API_KEY lets CrewAI use your chosen OpenAI model

Import dependencies

python
from crewai import Agent, Task, Crew, LLM
from crewai_tools import MCPServerAdapter  # optional import if you plan to adapt tools
from composio import Composio
from dotenv import load_dotenv
import os
from crewai.mcp import MCPServerHTTP

load_dotenv()
What's happening:
  • CrewAI classes define agents and tasks, and run the workflow
  • MCPServerHTTP connects the agent to an MCP endpoint
  • Composio will give you a short lived Google Sheets MCP URL

Create a Composio Tool Router session for Google Sheets

python
composio = Composio(api_key=os.getenv("COMPOSIO_API_KEY"))
session = composio.create(
    user_id=os.getenv("USER_ID"),
    toolkits=["googlesheets"],
)
url = session.mcp.url
What's happening:
  • You create a Google Sheets only session through Composio
  • Composio returns an MCP HTTP URL that exposes Google Sheets tools

Configure the LLM

python
llm = LLM(
    model="gpt-5-mini",
    api_key=os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY"),
)
What's happening:
  • CrewAI will call this LLM for planning and responses
  • You can swap in a different model if needed

Attach the MCP server and create the agent

python
toolkit_agent = Agent(
    role="Google Sheets Assistant",
    goal="Help users interact with Google Sheets through natural language commands",
    backstory=(
        "You are an expert assistant with access to Google Sheets tools. "
        "You can perform various Google Sheets operations on behalf of the user."
    ),
    mcps=[
        MCPServerHTTP(
            url=url,
            streamable=True,
            cache_tools_list=True,
            headers={"x-api-key": os.getenv("COMPOSIO_API_KEY")},
        ),
    ],
    llm=llm,
    verbose=True,
    max_iter=10,
)
What's happening:
  • MCPServerHTTP connects the agent to the Google Sheets MCP endpoint
  • cache_tools_list saves a tools catalog for faster subsequent runs
  • verbose helps you see what the agent is doing

Add a REPL loop with Task and Crew

python
print("Chat started! Type 'exit' or 'quit' to end.\n")
print("Try asking the agent to perform Google Sheets operations.\n")

conversation_context = ""

while True:
    user_input = input("You: ").strip()

    if user_input.lower() in ["exit", "quit", "bye"]:
        print("\nGoodbye!")
        break

    if not user_input:
        continue

    conversation_context += f"\nUser: {user_input}\n"
    print("\nAgent is thinking...\n")

    task = Task(
        description=(
            f"Based on the conversation history:\n{conversation_context}\n\n"
            f"Current user request: {user_input}\n\n"
            f"Please help the user with their Google Sheets related request."
        ),
        expected_output="A helpful response addressing the user's request",
        agent=toolkit_agent,
    )

    crew = Crew(
        agents=[toolkit_agent],
        tasks=[task],
        verbose=False,
    )

    result = crew.kickoff()
    response = str(result)

    conversation_context += f"Agent: {response}\n"
    print(f"Agent: {response}\n")
What's happening:
  • You build a simple chat loop and keep a running context
  • Each user turn becomes a Task handled by the same agent
  • Crew executes the task and returns a response

Run the application

python
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
What's happening:
  • Standard Python entry point so you can run python crewai_googlesheets_agent.py

Complete Code

Here's the complete code to get you started with Google Sheets and CrewAI:

python
# file: crewai_googlesheets_agent.py
from crewai import Agent, Task, Crew, LLM
from crewai_tools import MCPServerAdapter  # optional
from composio import Composio
from dotenv import load_dotenv
import os
from crewai.mcp import MCPServerHTTP

load_dotenv()

def main():
    # Initialize Composio and create a Google Sheets session
    composio = Composio(api_key=os.getenv("COMPOSIO_API_KEY"))
    session = composio.create(
        user_id=os.getenv("USER_ID"),
        toolkits=["googlesheets"],
    )
    url = session.mcp.url

    # Configure LLM
    llm = LLM(
        model="gpt-5-mini",
        api_key=os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY"),
    )

    # Create Google Sheets assistant agent
    toolkit_agent = Agent(
        role="Google Sheets Assistant",
        goal="Help users interact with Google Sheets through natural language commands",
        backstory=(
            "You are an expert assistant with access to Google Sheets tools. "
            "You can perform various Google Sheets operations on behalf of the user."
        ),
        mcps=[
            MCPServerHTTP(
                url=url,
                streamable=True,
                cache_tools_list=True,
                headers={"x-api-key": os.getenv("COMPOSIO_API_KEY")},
            ),
        ],
        llm=llm,
        verbose=True,
        max_iter=10,
    )

    print("Chat started! Type 'exit' or 'quit' to end the conversation.\n")
    print("Try asking the agent to perform Google Sheets operations.\n")

    conversation_context = ""

    while True:
        user_input = input("You: ").strip()

        if user_input.lower() in ["exit", "quit", "bye"]:
            print("\nGoodbye!")
            break

        if not user_input:
            continue

        conversation_context += f"\nUser: {user_input}\n"
        print("\nAgent is thinking...\n")

        task = Task(
            description=(
                f"Based on the conversation history:\n{conversation_context}\n\n"
                f"Current user request: {user_input}\n\n"
                f"Please help the user with their Google Sheets related request."
            ),
            expected_output="A helpful response addressing the user's request",
            agent=toolkit_agent,
        )

        crew = Crew(
            agents=[toolkit_agent],
            tasks=[task],
            verbose=False,
        )

        result = crew.kickoff()
        response = str(result)

        conversation_context += f"Agent: {response}\n"
        print(f"Agent: {response}\n")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Conclusion

You now have a CrewAI agent connected to Google Sheets through Composio's Tool Router. The agent can perform Google Sheets operations through natural language commands. Next steps:
  • Add role-specific instructions to customize agent behavior
  • Plug in more toolkits for multi-app workflows
  • Chain tasks for complex multi-step operations

How to build Google Sheets MCP Agent with another framework

OpenAI Agents SDK

OpenAI Agents SDK

Use Google Sheets MCP with OpenAI Agents SDK

Claude Agent SDK

Claude Agent SDK

Use Google Sheets MCP with Claude Agent SDK

Google ADK

Google ADK

Use Google Sheets MCP with Google ADK

LangChain

LangChain

Use Google Sheets MCP with LangChain

Vercel AI SDK

Vercel AI SDK

Use Google Sheets MCP with Vercel AI SDK

Mastra AI

Mastra AI

Use Google Sheets MCP with Mastra AI

LlamaIndex

LlamaIndex

Use Google Sheets MCP with LlamaIndex

FAQ

What are the differences in Tool Router MCP and Google Sheets MCP?

With a standalone Google Sheets MCP server, the agents and LLMs can only access a fixed set of Google Sheets tools tied to that server. However, with the Composio Tool Router, agents can dynamically load tools from Google Sheets and many other apps based on the task at hand, all through a single MCP endpoint.

Can I use Tool Router MCP with CrewAI?

Yes, you can. CrewAI fully supports MCP integration. You get structured tool calling, message history handling, and model orchestration while Tool Router takes care of discovering and serving the right Google Sheets tools.

Can I manage the permissions and scopes for Google Sheets while using Tool Router?

Yes, absolutely. You can configure which Google Sheets scopes and actions are allowed when connecting your account to Composio. You can also bring your own OAuth credentials or API configuration so you keep full control over what the agent can do.

How safe is my data with Composio Tool Router?

All sensitive data such as tokens, keys, and configuration is fully encrypted at rest and in transit. Composio is SOC 2 Type 2 compliant and follows strict security practices so your Google Sheets data and credentials are handled as safely as possible.

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Context
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Letta
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HubSpot
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