How to integrate Spotify MCP with LlamaIndex

Connect LlamaIndex to Spotify MCP. Add these songs to your running playlist, check if i follow taylor swift, and more using natural language, with authentication handled for you.

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Oauth2

Spotify is a streaming service for music and podcasts with millions of tracks from artists worldwide. Enjoy personalized playlists, recommendations, and seamless listening across all your devices.

84 Tools3 Triggers

Introduction

This guide walks you through connecting Spotify to LlamaIndex using the Composio tool router. By the end, you'll have a working Spotify agent that can add these songs to your running playlist, check if i follow taylor swift, see if your friends follow your playlist through natural language commands.

This guide will help you understand how to give your LlamaIndex agent real control over a Spotify account through Composio's Spotify MCP server.

Before we dive in, let's take a quick look at the key ideas and tools involved.

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TL;DR

Here's what you'll learn:
  • Set your OpenAI and Composio API keys
  • Install LlamaIndex and Composio packages
  • Create a Composio Tool Router session for Spotify
  • Connect LlamaIndex to the Spotify MCP server
  • Build a Spotify-powered agent using LlamaIndex
  • Interact with Spotify through natural language

What is LlamaIndex?

LlamaIndex is a data framework for building LLM applications. It provides tools for connecting LLMs to external data sources and services through agents and tools.

Key features include:

  • ReAct Agent: Reasoning and acting pattern for tool-using agents
  • MCP Tools: Native support for Model Context Protocol
  • Context Management: Maintain conversation context across interactions
  • Async Support: Built for async/await patterns

What is the Spotify MCP server, and what's possible with it?

The Spotify MCP server is an implementation of the Model Context Protocol that connects your AI agent and assistants like Claude, Cursor, etc directly to your Spotify account. It provides structured and secure access to your playlists, music library, and playback controls, so your agent can perform actions like managing playlists, adding songs to your queue, checking saved tracks, and updating playlist details on your behalf.

  • Personalized playlist management: Let your agent add songs or podcasts to playlists, change playlist details like name or privacy settings, and keep your music organized just how you like it.
  • Playback control and queue updates: Direct your agent to add tracks or episodes to your current playback queue, helping you line up the perfect listening experience without lifting a finger.
  • Library checks and smart recommendations: Have your agent check if specific tracks, albums, shows, or audiobooks are already saved in your Spotify library, so you never add duplicates or miss out on favorites.
  • Social and follower insights: Ask your agent to check whether you or others are following certain artists, users, or playlists, making it easy to stay connected to your musical community.
  • Podcast and show management: Let your agent verify which podcast episodes or shows are in your library, ensuring you’re always up to date with your latest audio interests.

What is the Composio tool router, and how does it fit here?

What is Composio SDK?

Composio's Composio SDK helps agents find the right tools for a task at runtime. You can plug in multiple toolkits (like Gmail, HubSpot, and GitHub), and the agent will identify the relevant app and action to complete multi-step workflows. This can reduce token usage and improve the reliability of tool calls. Read more here: Getting started with Composio SDK

The tool router generates a secure MCP URL that your agents can access to perform actions.

How the Composio SDK works

The Composio SDK follows a three-phase workflow:

  1. Discovery: Searches for tools matching your task and returns relevant toolkits with their details.
  2. Authentication: Checks for active connections. If missing, creates an auth config and returns a connection URL via Auth Link.
  3. Execution: Executes the action using the authenticated connection.

Step-by-step Guide

Step by step10 STEPS
1

Prerequisites

Before you begin, make sure you have:
  • Python 3.8/Node 16 or higher installed
  • A Composio account with the API key
  • An OpenAI API key
  • A Spotify account and project
  • Basic familiarity with async Python/Typescript
2

Getting API Keys for OpenAI, Composio, and Spotify

OpenAI API key (OPENAI_API_KEY)
  • Go to the OpenAI dashboard
  • Create an API key if you don't have one
  • Assign it to OPENAI_API_KEY in .env
Composio API key and user ID
  • Log into the Composio dashboard
  • Copy your API key from Settings
    • Use this as COMPOSIO_API_KEY
  • Pick a stable user identifier (email or ID)
    • Use this as COMPOSIO_USER_ID
3

Installing dependencies

npm install @composio/llamaindex @llamaindex/openai @llamaindex/tools @llamaindex/workflow dotenv

Create a new Typescript project and install the necessary dependencies:

  • @composio/llamaindex: Composio's LlamaIndex integration
  • @llamaindex/openai: OpenAI LLM integration
  • @llamaindex/tools: MCP client for LlamaIndex
  • @llamaindex/workflow: Workflow framework for LlamaIndex
  • dotenv: Environment variable management
4

Set environment variables

bash
OPENAI_API_KEY=your-openai-api-key
COMPOSIO_API_KEY=your-composio-api-key
COMPOSIO_USER_ID=your-user-id

Create a .env file in your project root:

These credentials will be used to:

  • Authenticate with OpenAI's GPT-5 model
  • Connect to Composio's Tool Router
  • Identify your Composio user session for Spotify access
5

Import modules

import "dotenv/config";
import readline from "node:readline/promises";
import { stdin as input, stdout as output } from "node:process";

import { Composio } from "@composio/core";

import { mcp } from "@llamaindex/tools";
import { agent as createAgent } from "@llamaindex/workflow";
import { openai } from "@llamaindex/openai";

dotenv.config();

Create a new file called spotify_llamaindex_agent.ts and import the required modules:

Key imports:

  • dotenv.config loads .env at runtime
  • readline gives us a simple CLI chat loop
  • Composio is the main Composio SDK client
  • mcp connects to an MCP endpoint
  • createAgent builds a LlamaIndex agent
  • openai configures the LLM backend
6

Load environment variables and initialize Composio

const OPENAI_API_KEY = process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY;
const COMPOSIO_API_KEY = process.env.COMPOSIO_API_KEY;
const COMPOSIO_USER_ID = process.env.COMPOSIO_USER_ID;

if (!OPENAI_API_KEY) throw new Error("OPENAI_API_KEY is not set");
if (!COMPOSIO_API_KEY) throw new Error("COMPOSIO_API_KEY is not set");
if (!COMPOSIO_USER_ID) throw new Error("COMPOSIO_USER_ID is not set");

What's happening:

This ensures missing credentials cause early, clear errors before the agent attempts to initialise.

7

Create a Tool Router session and build the agent function

async function buildAgent() {

  console.log(`Initializing Composio client...${COMPOSIO_USER_ID!}...`);
  console.log(`COMPOSIO_USER_ID: ${COMPOSIO_USER_ID!}...`);

  const composio = new Composio({
    apiKey: COMPOSIO_API_KEY,
    provider: new LlamaindexProvider(),
  });

  const session = await composio.create(
    COMPOSIO_USER_ID!,
    {
      toolkits: ["spotify"],
    },
  );

  const mcpUrl = session.mcp.url;
  console.log(`Composio Tool Router MCP URL: ${mcpUrl}`);

  const server = mcp({
    url: mcpUrl,
    clientName: "composio_tool_router_with_llamaindex",
    requestInit: {
      headers: {
        "x-api-key": COMPOSIO_API_KEY!,
      },
    },
    // verbose: true,
  });

  const tools = await server.tools();

  const llm = openai({ apiKey: OPENAI_API_KEY, model: "gpt-5" });

  const agent = createAgent({
    name: "composio_tool_router_with_llamaindex",
        description : "An agent that uses Composio Tool Router MCP tools to perform actions.",
    systemPrompt:
      "You are a helpful assistant connected to Composio Tool Router."+
"Use the available tools to answer user queries and perform Spotify actions." ,
    llm,
    tools,
  });

  return agent;
}

What's happening here:

  • We create a Composio client using your API key and configure it with the LlamaIndex provider
  • We then create a tool router MCP session for your user, specifying the toolkits we want to use (in this case, spotify)
  • The session returns an MCP HTTP endpoint URL that acts as a gateway to all your configured tools
  • LlamaIndex will connect to this endpoint to dynamically discover and use the available Spotify tools.
  • The MCP tools are mapped to LlamaIndex-compatible tools and plug them into the Agent.
8

Create an interactive chat loop

async function chatLoop(agent: ReturnType<typeof createAgent>) {
  const rl = readline.createInterface({ input, output });

  console.log("Type 'quit' or 'exit' to stop.");

  while (true) {
    let userInput: string;

    try {
      userInput = (await rl.question("\nYou: ")).trim();
    } catch {
      console.log("\nAgent: Bye!");
      break;
    }

    if (!userInput) {
      continue;
    }

    const lower = userInput.toLowerCase();
    if (lower === "quit" || lower === "exit") {
      console.log("Agent: Bye!");
      break;
    }

    try {
      process.stdout.write("Agent: ");

      const stream = agent.runStream(userInput);
      let finalResult: any = null;

      for await (const event of stream) {
        // The event.data contains the streamed content
        const data: any = event.data;

        // Check for streaming delta content
        if (data?.delta) {
          process.stdout.write(data.delta);
        }

        // Store final result for fallback
        if (data?.result || data?.message) {
          finalResult = data;
        }
      }

      // If no streaming happened, show the final result
      if (finalResult) {
        const answer =
          finalResult.result ??
          finalResult.message?.content ??
          finalResult.message ??
          "";
        if (answer && typeof answer === "string" && !answer.includes("[object")) {
          process.stdout.write(answer);
        }
      }

      console.log(); // New line after streaming completes
    } catch (err: any) {
      console.error("\nAgent error:", err?.message ?? err);
    }
  }

  rl.close();
}

What's happening:

  • We're creating a direct terminal interface to chat with Spotify
  • The LLM's responses are streamed to the CLI for faster interaction.
  • The agent uses context to maintain conversation history
  • The agent processes the request, selects appropriate Spotify tools, and returns a result
  • We extract the answer from the result data structure and display it to the user
  • You can type 'quit' or 'exit' to stop the chat loop gracefully
  • Agent responses and any errors are streamed in a clear, readable format
9

Define the main entry point

async function main() {
  try {
    const agent = await buildAgent();
    await chatLoop(agent);
  } catch (err) {
    console.error("Failed to start agent:", err);
    process.exit(1);
  }
}

main();

What's happening here:

  • We're orchestrating the entire application flow
  • The agent gets built with proper error handling
  • Then we kick off the interactive chat loop so you can start talking to Spotify
10

Run the agent

npx ts-node llamaindex-agent.ts

When prompted, authenticate and authorise your agent with Spotify, then start asking questions.

Complete Code

Here's the complete code to get you started with Spotify and LlamaIndex:

import "dotenv/config";
import readline from "node:readline/promises";
import { stdin as input, stdout as output } from "node:process";

import { Composio } from "@composio/core";
import { LlamaindexProvider } from "@composio/llamaindex";

import { mcp } from "@llamaindex/tools";
import { agent as createAgent } from "@llamaindex/workflow";
import { openai } from "@llamaindex/openai";

dotenv.config();

const OPENAI_API_KEY = process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY;
const COMPOSIO_API_KEY = process.env.COMPOSIO_API_KEY;
const COMPOSIO_USER_ID = process.env.COMPOSIO_USER_ID;

if (!OPENAI_API_KEY) {
    throw new Error("OPENAI_API_KEY is not set in the environment");
  }
if (!COMPOSIO_API_KEY) {
    throw new Error("COMPOSIO_API_KEY is not set in the environment");
  }
if (!COMPOSIO_USER_ID) {
    throw new Error("COMPOSIO_USER_ID is not set in the environment");
  }

async function buildAgent() {

  console.log(`Initializing Composio client...${COMPOSIO_USER_ID!}...`);
  console.log(`COMPOSIO_USER_ID: ${COMPOSIO_USER_ID!}...`);

  const composio = new Composio({
    apiKey: COMPOSIO_API_KEY,
    provider: new LlamaindexProvider(),
  });

  const session = await composio.create(
    COMPOSIO_USER_ID!,
    {
      toolkits: ["spotify"],
    },
  );

  const mcpUrl = session.mcp.url;
  console.log(`Composio Tool Router MCP URL: ${mcpUrl}`);

  const server = mcp({
    url: mcpUrl,
    clientName: "composio_tool_router_with_llamaindex",
    requestInit: {
      headers: {
        "x-api-key": COMPOSIO_API_KEY!,
      },
    },
    // verbose: true,
  });

  const tools = await server.tools();

  const llm = openai({ apiKey: OPENAI_API_KEY, model: "gpt-5" });

  const agent = createAgent({
    name: "composio_tool_router_with_llamaindex",
    description:
      "An agent that uses Composio Tool Router MCP tools to perform actions.",
    systemPrompt:
      "You are a helpful assistant connected to Composio Tool Router."+
"Use the available tools to answer user queries and perform Spotify actions." ,
    llm,
    tools,
  });

  return agent;
}

async function chatLoop(agent: ReturnType<typeof createAgent>) {
  const rl = readline.createInterface({ input, output });

  console.log("Type 'quit' or 'exit' to stop.");

  while (true) {
    let userInput: string;

    try {
      userInput = (await rl.question("\nYou: ")).trim();
    } catch {
      console.log("\nAgent: Bye!");
      break;
    }

    if (!userInput) {
      continue;
    }

    const lower = userInput.toLowerCase();
    if (lower === "quit" || lower === "exit") {
      console.log("Agent: Bye!");
      break;
    }

    try {
      process.stdout.write("Agent: ");

      const stream = agent.runStream(userInput);
      let finalResult: any = null;

      for await (const event of stream) {
        // The event.data contains the streamed content
        const data: any = event.data;

        // Check for streaming delta content
        if (data?.delta) {
          process.stdout.write(data.delta);
        }

        // Store final result for fallback
        if (data?.result || data?.message) {
          finalResult = data;
        }
      }

      // If no streaming happened, show the final result
      if (finalResult) {
        const answer =
          finalResult.result ??
          finalResult.message?.content ??
          finalResult.message ??
          "";
        if (answer && typeof answer === "string" && !answer.includes("[object")) {
          process.stdout.write(answer);
        }
      }

      console.log(); // New line after streaming completes
    } catch (err: any) {
      console.error("\nAgent error:", err?.message ?? err);
    }
  }

  rl.close();
}

async function main() {
  try {
    const agent = await buildAgent();
    await chatLoop(agent);
  } catch (err: any) {
    console.error("Failed to start agent:", err?.message ?? err);
    process.exit(1);
  }
}

main();

Conclusion

You've successfully connected Spotify to LlamaIndex through Composio's Tool Router MCP layer. Key takeaways:
  • Tool Router dynamically exposes Spotify tools through an MCP endpoint
  • LlamaIndex's ReActAgent handles reasoning and orchestration; Composio handles integrations
  • The agent becomes more capable without increasing prompt size
  • Async Python provides clean, efficient execution of agent workflows
You can easily extend this to other toolkits like Gmail, Notion, Stripe, GitHub, and more by adding them to the toolkits parameter.
TOOLS & TRIGGERS

Supported Tools and Triggers

Every Spotify action and event your agent gets out of the box.

Add items to playlist

Add one or more items to a user's playlist.

Add item to playback queue

Add an item to the end of the user's current playback queue.

Change playlist details

Change a playlist's name and public/private state.

Check if user follows artists or users

Check whether the current user follows up to 50 specified artists or Spotify users.

Check if users follow playlist

Check whether the authenticated user follows a specified public or owned Spotify playlist.

Check user s saved albums

Check whether up to 20 albums, identified by Spotify ID, are saved in the current user's library.

Check user s saved audiobooks

Check whether up to 50 audiobooks, identified by Spotify ID, are saved in the current user's library.

Check User's Saved Episodes

Check whether up to 50 podcast episodes by ID are saved in the current user's Your Episodes library.

Check user's saved shows

Check whether up to 50 shows, identified by Spotify ID, are saved in the current user's library.

Check User's Saved Tracks

Check whether up to 50 tracks, identified by Spotify track ID, are saved in the current user's library.

Create playlist

Create an empty playlist for a Spotify user, with a name and optional description, visibility, and collaboration settings.

Follow artists or users

Follow one or more artists or Spotify users by ID for the current authenticated user, adding them to the user's following list.

Follow playlist

Follow a playlist for the current Spotify user by playlist ID, publicly or privately.

Get a chapter

Get Spotify catalog information for a single audiobook chapter including name, description, duration, release date, narrators, and playback information.

Get Album Details

Get Spotify catalog information for a single album by ID, including metadata, track listing, artist information and cover artwork.

Get album tracks

Get Spotify catalog information about an album's tracks.

Get an audiobook

Get Spotify catalog information for a single audiobook.

Get artist

Get detailed Spotify catalog information for a single artist, including name, genres, profile images and Spotify links.

Get artist s albums

Get Spotify catalog information about an artist's albums.

Get artist s related artists

Get Spotify catalog information about artists similar to a given artist.

Get Artist's Top Tracks

Get Spotify catalog information about an artist's top tracks in a specified market, defaulting to the US.

Get audiobook chapters

Get Spotify catalog information about an audiobook's chapters.

Get Available Devices

Get information about the user's available Spotify Connect devices.

Get available markets

Get the list of markets where Spotify is available, as ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country codes.

Get currently playing track

Get the object currently being played on the user's Spotify account.

Get current user s playlists

Get a paginated list of playlists owned or followed by the current Spotify user, with playlist metadata and pagination links.

Get current user s profile

Get profile information for the current authenticated Spotify user, including available display name, images and Spotify URIs.

Get episode

Get Spotify catalog information for a single podcast episode identified by its unique Spotify ID.

Get featured playlists

Get a list of Spotify's editorially curated featured playlists.

Get followed artists

Get a cursor-paginated list of artists followed by the current Spotify user using the after parameter; requires user-follow-read.

Get new releases

Get a page of new album releases featured by Spotify, such as those shown in Browse.

Get playback state

Get the current user's Spotify playback state, including the active device, current track or episode, progress, playback context, and repeat and shuffle settings.

Get playlist

Get metadata and available contents of a Spotify playlist, with optional field filtering.

Get playlist cover image

Get the current cover images associated with a playlist.

Get playlist items

Get a paginated list of tracks or episodes in a playlist, with optional response field filtering.

Get recently played tracks

Get tracks from the current user's recently played tracks.

Get recommendations

Get track recommendations based on seed artists, genres, and/or tracks.

Get several albums

Get Spotify catalog information for up to 20 albums by Spotify ID, optionally specifying a market.

Get several artists

Get Spotify catalog information for up to 50 artists in one request using their Spotify IDs.

Get several audiobooks

Get Spotify catalog information for up to 50 audiobooks by ID in a single request, optionally specifying a market.

Get several browse categories

List Spotify browse categories used to tag items, with locale and limit/offset pagination.

Get several chapters

Get Spotify catalog details for up to 50 audiobook chapters by ID, including chapter metadata and parent audiobook information.

Get several episodes

Get Spotify catalog information for up to 50 episodes by their IDs in a single request, with an optional market.

Get several shows

Get Spotify catalog information for up to 50 shows by ID in a single request, optionally specifying a market.

Get several tracks

Get Spotify catalog information for multiple tracks by Spotify ID, with an optional market.

Get show

Get Spotify catalog information for a single show (podcast) identified by its unique Spotify ID.

Get show episodes

Get Spotify catalog information about a show's episodes.

Get single browse category

Get information about a Spotify browse category by ID, including its name and icons, with an optional locale.

Get the user's queue

Get the list of tracks and episodes in the user's playback queue.

Get track

Get Spotify catalog information for a single track identified by its unique Spotify ID.

Get Track's Audio Analysis

Get a comprehensive audio analysis for a Spotify track.

Get user's playlists

Get a paginated list of playlists owned or followed by a specified Spotify user, using limit and offset.

Get user's profile

Retrieve public profile information for a Spotify user by user ID, such as their display name and profile images.

Get user s saved albums

Get a list of albums saved in the current Spotify user's library ('Your Music').

Get user s saved audiobooks

Get a list of the audiobooks saved in the current Spotify user's 'Your Music' library.

Get user's saved episodes

Get a list of episodes saved in the current Spotify user's library.

Get User's Saved Shows

Get a list of shows saved in the current Spotify user's library.

Get User's Saved Tracks

Get a list of the songs saved in the current Spotify user's 'Your Music' library.

Get User's Top Artists

Get a paginated list of the current user's top artists based on listening affinity over a selected time range; requires user-top-read.

Get User's Top Tracks

Get the current user's top tracks based on listening affinity over a selected time range.

Pause playback

Pause playback on the user's account.

Remove playlist items

Remove one or more items from a user's playlist.

Remove users saved albums

Remove one or more albums from the current user's saved library.

Remove User's Saved Audiobooks

Remove one or more saved audiobooks from the current user's Spotify library by ID.

Remove user's saved episodes

Remove up to 50 episodes by ID from the current user's Your Episodes library; removing an unsaved episode succeeds.

Remove user s saved shows

Remove one or more shows by Spotify ID from the current user's library.

Remove user s saved tracks

Remove one or more tracks by Spotify ID from the current user's library.

Save albums for current user

Save one or more albums by Spotify ID to the current user's library.

Save audiobooks for current user

Save up to 50 audiobooks by Spotify ID to the current user's library for later access.

Save episodes for current user

Save up to 50 podcast episodes by Spotify ID to the current user's Your Episodes library for later playback.

Save shows for current user

Save up to 50 shows by Spotify ID to the current user's library.

Save tracks for current user

Save tracks to the current user's Spotify library using up to 50 track IDs or timestamped IDs.

Search for item

Search Spotify's catalog for albums, artists, playlists, tracks, shows, episodes or audiobooks matching a keyword.

Seek to position

Seek to a position in milliseconds in the user's currently playing track, targeting a specified device or the active device by default.

Set playback volume

Set the volume for the user's current playback device.

Set repeat mode

Set the repeat mode for the user's playback.

Skip to next

Skips to next track in the user's queue.

Skip to previous

Skips to the previous track in the user's queue.

Start resume playback

Start playback of a context or list of tracks, or resume playback on a Spotify device.

Toggle playback shuffle

Toggle shuffle on or off for user's playback.

Transfer playback

Transfer playback to a new device and optionally begin playback.

Unfollow artists or users

Unfollow up to 50 artists or Spotify users by ID for the current user, removing them from the following list.

Unfollow playlist

Unfollow a playlist by ID for the current user, removing it from their followed playlists.

Update playlist items

Either replace all tracks in a playlist OR reorder existing tracks within it.

FAQ

Frequently asked questions

With a standalone Spotify MCP server, the agents and LLMs can only access a fixed set of Spotify tools tied to that server. However, with the Composio Tool Router, agents can dynamically load tools from Spotify and many other apps based on the task at hand, all through a single MCP endpoint.

Yes, you can. LlamaIndex fully supports MCP integration. You get structured tool calling, message history handling, and model orchestration while Tool Router takes care of discovering and serving the right Spotify tools.

Yes, absolutely. You can configure which Spotify scopes and actions are allowed when connecting your account to Composio. You can also bring your own OAuth credentials or API configuration so you keep full control over what the agent can do.

All sensitive data such as tokens, keys, and configuration is fully encrypted at rest and in transit. Composio is SOC 2 Type 2 compliant and follows strict security practices so your Spotify data and credentials are handled as safely as possible.

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