How to integrate Spotify MCP with LlamaIndex

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Introduction

This guide walks you through connecting Spotify to LlamaIndex using the Composio tool router. By the end, you'll have a working Spotify agent that can add these songs to my running playlist, check if i follow taylor swift, see if my friends follow my playlist, verify if i saved this album already through natural language commands.

This guide will help you understand how to give your LlamaIndex agent real control over a Spotify account through Composio's Spotify MCP server.

Before we dive in, let's take a quick look at the key ideas and tools involved.

TL;DR

Here's what you'll learn:
  • Set your OpenAI and Composio API keys
  • Install LlamaIndex and Composio packages
  • Create a Composio Tool Router session for Spotify
  • Connect LlamaIndex to the Spotify MCP server
  • Build a Spotify-powered agent using LlamaIndex
  • Interact with Spotify through natural language

What is LlamaIndex?

LlamaIndex is a data framework for building LLM applications. It provides tools for connecting LLMs to external data sources and services through agents and tools.

Key features include:

  • ReAct Agent: Reasoning and acting pattern for tool-using agents
  • MCP Tools: Native support for Model Context Protocol
  • Context Management: Maintain conversation context across interactions
  • Async Support: Built for async/await patterns

What is the Spotify MCP server, and what's possible with it?

The Spotify MCP server is an implementation of the Model Context Protocol that connects your AI agent and assistants like Claude, Cursor, etc directly to your Spotify account. It provides structured and secure access to your playlists, music library, and playback controls, so your agent can perform actions like managing playlists, adding songs to your queue, checking saved tracks, and updating playlist details on your behalf.

  • Personalized playlist management: Let your agent add songs or podcasts to playlists, change playlist details like name or privacy settings, and keep your music organized just how you like it.
  • Playback control and queue updates: Direct your agent to add tracks or episodes to your current playback queue, helping you line up the perfect listening experience without lifting a finger.
  • Library checks and smart recommendations: Have your agent check if specific tracks, albums, shows, or audiobooks are already saved in your Spotify library, so you never add duplicates or miss out on favorites.
  • Social and follower insights: Ask your agent to check whether you or others are following certain artists, users, or playlists, making it easy to stay connected to your musical community.
  • Podcast and show management: Let your agent verify which podcast episodes or shows are in your library, ensuring you’re always up to date with your latest audio interests.

Supported Tools & Triggers

Tools
Triggers
Add items to playlistAdd one or more items to a user's playlist.
Add item to playback queueAdd an item to the end of the user's current playback queue.
Change playlist detailsChange a playlist's name and public/private state.
Check if user follows artists or usersCheck to see if the current user is following one or more artists or other spotify users.
Check if users follow playlistCheck to see if one or more spotify users are following a specified playlist.
Check user s saved albumsCheck if one or more albums is already saved in the current spotify user's 'your music' library.
Check user s saved audiobooksCheck if one or more audiobooks are already saved in the current spotify user's library.
Check user s saved episodesThis spotify api endpoint (in beta) checks if episodes are saved in a user's library.
Check user s saved showsCheck if one or more shows is already saved in the current spotify user's library.
Check user s saved tracksCheck if one or more tracks is already saved in the current spotify user's 'your music' library.
Create playlistCreate a playlist for a spotify user.
Follow artists or usersAdd the current user as a follower of one or more artists or other spotify users.
Follow playlistAdd the current user as a follower of a playlist.
Get a chapterGet spotify catalog information for a single audiobook chapter.
Get albumGet spotify catalog information for a single album.
Get album tracksGet spotify catalog information about an album’s tracks.
Get an audiobookGet spotify catalog information for a single audiobook.
Get artistGet spotify catalog information for a single artist identified by their unique spotify id.
Get artist s albumsGet spotify catalog information about an artist's albums.
Get artist s related artistsGet spotify catalog information about artists similar to a given artist.
Get artist s top tracksGet spotify catalog information about an artist's top tracks by country.
Get audiobook chaptersGet spotify catalog information about an audiobook's chapters.
Get available devicesGet information about a user’s available spotify connect devices.
Get available genre seedsRetrieve a list of available genres seed parameter values for [recommendations](/documentation/web-api/reference/get-recommendations).
Get available marketsGet the list of markets where spotify is available.
Get category s playlistsGet a list of spotify playlists tagged with a particular category.
Get currently playing trackGet the object currently being played on the user's spotify account.
Get current user s playlistsGet a list of the playlists owned or followed by the current spotify user.
Get current user s profileGet detailed profile information about the current user (including the current user's username).
Get episodeGet spotify catalog information for a single episode identified by its unique spotify id.
Get featured playlistsGet a list of spotify featured playlists (shown, for example, on a spotify player's 'browse' tab).
Get followed artistsGet the current user's followed artists.
Get new releasesGet a list of new album releases featured in spotify (shown, for example, on a spotify player’s “browse” tab).
Get playback stateGet information about the user’s current playback state, including track or episode, progress, and active device.
Get playlistGet a playlist owned by a spotify user.
Get playlist cover imageGet the current image associated with a specific playlist.
Get playlist itemsGet full details of the items of a playlist owned by a spotify user.
Get recently played tracksGet tracks from the current user's recently played tracks.
Get recommendationsRecommendations are based on seed entity data, matched with similar artists and tracks.
Get several albumsGet spotify catalog information for multiple albums identified by their spotify ids.
Get several artistsGet spotify catalog information for several artists based on their spotify ids.
Get several audiobooksGet spotify catalog information for several audiobooks identified by their spotify ids.
Get several browse categoriesGet a list of categories used to tag items in spotify (on, for example, the spotify player’s “browse” tab).
Get several chaptersGet spotify catalog information for several audiobook chapters identified by their spotify ids.
Get several episodesGet spotify catalog information for several episodes based on their spotify ids.
Get several showsGet spotify catalog information for several shows based on their spotify ids.
Get several tracksGet spotify catalog information for multiple tracks based on their spotify ids.
Get several tracks audio featuresGet audio features for multiple tracks based on their spotify ids.
Get showGet spotify catalog information for a single show identified by its unique spotify id.
Get show episodesGet spotify catalog information about an show’s episodes.
Get single browse categoryGet a single category used to tag items in spotify (on, for example, the spotify player’s “browse” tab).
Get the user s queueGet the list of objects that make up the user's queue.
Get trackGet spotify catalog information for a single track identified by its unique spotify id.
Get track s audio analysisGet a low-level audio analysis for a track in the spotify catalog.
Get track s audio featuresGet audio feature information for a single track identified by its unique spotify id.
Get user s playlistsGet a list of the playlists owned or followed by a spotify user.
Get user s profileGet public profile information about a spotify user.
Get user s saved albumsGet a list of the albums saved in the current spotify user's 'your music' library.
Get user s saved audiobooksGet a list of the audiobooks saved in the current spotify user's 'your music' library.
Get user s saved episodesThis api endpoint, currently in beta, allows retrieving episodes saved in a spotify user's library.
Get user s saved showsGet a list of shows saved in the current spotify user's library.
Get user s saved tracksGet a list of the songs saved in the current spotify user's 'your music' library.
Get user s top artistsGet the current user's top artists based on calculated affinity.
Get user s top tracksGet the current user's top tracks based on calculated affinity.
Pause playbackPause playback on the user's account.
Remove playlist itemsRemove one or more items from a user's playlist.
Remove users saved albumsRemove one or more albums from the current user's 'your music' library.
Remove user s saved audiobooksRemove one or more audiobooks from the spotify user's library.
Remove user s saved episodesThis api endpoint, currently in beta, allows for the removal of episodes from a user's library and may change without notice.
Remove user s saved showsDelete one or more shows from current spotify user's library.
Remove user s saved tracksRemove one or more tracks from the current user's 'your music' library.
Save albums for current userSave one or more albums to the current user's 'your music' library.
Save audiobooks for current userSave one or more audiobooks to the current spotify user's library.
Save episodes for current userThis api endpoint, currently in beta, allows saving episodes to a user's library.
Save shows for current userSave one or more shows to current spotify user's library.
Save tracks for current userSave one or more tracks to the current user's 'your music' library.
Search for itemGet spotify catalog information about albums, artists, playlists, tracks, shows, episodes or audiobooks that match a keyword string.
Seek to positionSeeks to the given position in the user’s currently playing track.
Set playback volumeSet the volume for the user’s current playback device.
Set repeat modeSet the repeat mode for the user's playback.
Skip to nextSkips to next track in the user’s queue.
Skip to previousSkips to previous track in the user’s queue.
Start resume playbackStart a new context or resume current playback on the user's active device.
Toggle playback shuffleToggle shuffle on or off for user’s playback.
Transfer playbackTransfer playback to a new device and optionally begin playback.
Unfollow artists or usersRemove the current user as a follower of one or more artists or other spotify users.
Unfollow playlistRemove the current user as a follower of a playlist.
Update playlist itemsTo modify a playlist, use rearrange (with `range start`, `insert before`, `range length`, `snapshot id`) or replace items (`uris` in body/query).

What is the Composio tool router, and how does it fit here?

What is Tool Router?

Composio's Tool Router helps agents find the right tools for a task at runtime. You can plug in multiple toolkits (like Gmail, HubSpot, and GitHub), and the agent will identify the relevant app and action to complete multi-step workflows. This can reduce token usage and improve the reliability of tool calls. Read more here: Getting started with Tool Router

The tool router generates a secure MCP URL that your agents can access to perform actions.

How the Tool Router works

The Tool Router follows a three-phase workflow:

  1. Discovery: Searches for tools matching your task and returns relevant toolkits with their details.
  2. Authentication: Checks for active connections. If missing, creates an auth config and returns a connection URL via Auth Link.
  3. Execution: Executes the action using the authenticated connection.

Step-by-step Guide

Prerequisites

Before you begin, make sure you have:
  • Python 3.8/Node 16 or higher installed
  • A Composio account with the API key
  • An OpenAI API key
  • A Spotify account and project
  • Basic familiarity with async Python/Typescript

Getting API Keys for OpenAI, Composio, and Spotify

OpenAI API key (OPENAI_API_KEY)
  • Go to the OpenAI dashboard
  • Create an API key if you don't have one
  • Assign it to OPENAI_API_KEY in .env
Composio API key and user ID
  • Log into the Composio dashboard
  • Copy your API key from Settings
    • Use this as COMPOSIO_API_KEY
  • Pick a stable user identifier (email or ID)
    • Use this as COMPOSIO_USER_ID

Installing dependencies

pip install composio-llamaindex llama-index llama-index-llms-openai llama-index-tools-mcp python-dotenv

Create a new Python project and install the necessary dependencies:

  • composio-llamaindex: Composio's LlamaIndex integration
  • llama-index: Core LlamaIndex framework
  • llama-index-llms-openai: OpenAI LLM integration
  • llama-index-tools-mcp: MCP client for LlamaIndex
  • python-dotenv: Environment variable management

Set environment variables

bash
OPENAI_API_KEY=your-openai-api-key
COMPOSIO_API_KEY=your-composio-api-key
COMPOSIO_USER_ID=your-user-id

Create a .env file in your project root:

These credentials will be used to:

  • Authenticate with OpenAI's GPT-5 model
  • Connect to Composio's Tool Router
  • Identify your Composio user session for Spotify access

Import modules

import asyncio
import os
import dotenv

from composio import Composio
from composio_llamaindex import LlamaIndexProvider
from llama_index.core.agent.workflow import ReActAgent
from llama_index.core.workflow import Context
from llama_index.llms.openai import OpenAI
from llama_index.tools.mcp import BasicMCPClient, McpToolSpec

dotenv.load_dotenv()

Create a new file called spotify_llamaindex_agent.py and import the required modules:

Key imports:

  • asyncio: For async/await support
  • Composio: Main client for Composio services
  • LlamaIndexProvider: Adapts Composio tools for LlamaIndex
  • ReActAgent: LlamaIndex's reasoning and action agent
  • BasicMCPClient: Connects to MCP endpoints
  • McpToolSpec: Converts MCP tools to LlamaIndex format

Load environment variables and initialize Composio

OPENAI_API_KEY = os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY")
COMPOSIO_API_KEY = os.getenv("COMPOSIO_API_KEY")
COMPOSIO_USER_ID = os.getenv("COMPOSIO_USER_ID")

if not OPENAI_API_KEY:
    raise ValueError("OPENAI_API_KEY is not set in the environment")
if not COMPOSIO_API_KEY:
    raise ValueError("COMPOSIO_API_KEY is not set in the environment")
if not COMPOSIO_USER_ID:
    raise ValueError("COMPOSIO_USER_ID is not set in the environment")

What's happening:

This ensures missing credentials cause early, clear errors before the agent attempts to initialise.

Create a Tool Router session and build the agent function

async def build_agent() -> ReActAgent:
    composio_client = Composio(
        api_key=COMPOSIO_API_KEY,
        provider=LlamaIndexProvider(),
    )

    session = composio_client.create(
        user_id=COMPOSIO_USER_ID,
        toolkits=["spotify"],
    )

    mcp_url = session.mcp.url
    print(f"Composio MCP URL: {mcp_url}")

    mcp_client = BasicMCPClient(mcp_url, headers={"x-api-key": COMPOSIO_API_KEY})
    mcp_tool_spec = McpToolSpec(client=mcp_client)
    tools = await mcp_tool_spec.to_tool_list_async()

    llm = OpenAI(model="gpt-5")

    description = "An agent that uses Composio Tool Router MCP tools to perform Spotify actions."
    system_prompt = """
    You are a helpful assistant connected to Composio Tool Router.
    Use the available tools to answer user queries and perform Spotify actions.
    """
    return ReActAgent(tools=tools, llm=llm, description=description, system_prompt=system_prompt, verbose=True)

What's happening here:

  • We create a Composio client using your API key and configure it with the LlamaIndex provider
  • We then create a tool router MCP session for your user, specifying the toolkits we want to use (in this case, spotify)
  • The session returns an MCP HTTP endpoint URL that acts as a gateway to all your configured tools
  • LlamaIndex will connect to this endpoint to dynamically discover and use the available Spotify tools.
  • The MCP tools are mapped to LlamaIndex-compatible tools and plug them into the Agent.

Create an interactive chat loop

async def chat_loop(agent: ReActAgent) -> None:
    ctx = Context(agent)
    print("Type 'quit', 'exit', or Ctrl+C to stop.")

    while True:
        try:
            user_input = input("\nYou: ").strip()
        except (KeyboardInterrupt, EOFError):
            print("\nBye!")
            break

        if not user_input or user_input.lower() in {"quit", "exit"}:
            print("Bye!")
            break

        try:
            print("Agent: ", end="", flush=True)
            handler = agent.run(user_input, ctx=ctx)

            async for event in handler.stream_events():
                # Stream token-by-token from LLM responses
                if hasattr(event, "delta") and event.delta:
                    print(event.delta, end="", flush=True)
                # Show tool calls as they happen
                elif hasattr(event, "tool_name"):
                    print(f"\n[Using tool: {event.tool_name}]", flush=True)

            # Get final response
            response = await handler
            print()  # Newline after streaming
        except KeyboardInterrupt:
            print("\n[Interrupted]")
            continue
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"\nError: {e}")

What's happening here:

  • We're creating a direct terminal interface to chat with your Spotify database
  • The LLM's responses are streamed to the CLI for faster interaction.
  • The agent uses context to maintain conversation history
  • You can type 'quit' or 'exit' to stop the chat loop gracefully
  • Agent responses and any errors are displayed in a clear, readable format

Define the main entry point

async def main() -> None:
    agent = await build_agent()
    await chat_loop(agent)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Handle Ctrl+C gracefully
    signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, lambda s, f: (print("\nBye!"), exit(0)))
    try:
        asyncio.run(main())
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print("\nBye!")

What's happening here:

  • We're orchestrating the entire application flow
  • The agent gets built with proper error handling
  • Then we kick off the interactive chat loop so you can start talking to Spotify

Run the agent

npx ts-node llamaindex-agent.ts

When prompted, authenticate and authorise your agent with Spotify, then start asking questions.

Complete Code

Here's the complete code to get you started with Spotify and LlamaIndex:

import asyncio
import os
import signal
import dotenv

from composio import Composio
from composio_llamaindex import LlamaIndexProvider
from llama_index.core.agent.workflow import ReActAgent
from llama_index.core.workflow import Context
from llama_index.llms.openai import OpenAI
from llama_index.tools.mcp import BasicMCPClient, McpToolSpec

dotenv.load_dotenv()

OPENAI_API_KEY = os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY")
COMPOSIO_API_KEY = os.getenv("COMPOSIO_API_KEY")
COMPOSIO_USER_ID = os.getenv("COMPOSIO_USER_ID")

if not OPENAI_API_KEY:
    raise ValueError("OPENAI_API_KEY is not set")
if not COMPOSIO_API_KEY:
    raise ValueError("COMPOSIO_API_KEY is not set")
if not COMPOSIO_USER_ID:
    raise ValueError("COMPOSIO_USER_ID is not set")

async def build_agent() -> ReActAgent:
    composio_client = Composio(
        api_key=COMPOSIO_API_KEY,
        provider=LlamaIndexProvider(),
    )

    session = composio_client.create(
        user_id=COMPOSIO_USER_ID,
        toolkits=["spotify"],
    )

    mcp_url = session.mcp.url
    print(f"Composio MCP URL: {mcp_url}")

    mcp_client = BasicMCPClient(mcp_url, headers={"x-api-key": COMPOSIO_API_KEY})
    mcp_tool_spec = McpToolSpec(client=mcp_client)
    tools = await mcp_tool_spec.to_tool_list_async()

    llm = OpenAI(model="gpt-5")
    description = "An agent that uses Composio Tool Router MCP tools to perform Spotify actions."
    system_prompt = """
    You are a helpful assistant connected to Composio Tool Router.
    Use the available tools to answer user queries and perform Spotify actions.
    """
    return ReActAgent(
        tools=tools,
        llm=llm,
        description=description,
        system_prompt=system_prompt,
        verbose=True,
    );

async def chat_loop(agent: ReActAgent) -> None:
    ctx = Context(agent)
    print("Type 'quit', 'exit', or Ctrl+C to stop.")

    while True:
        try:
            user_input = input("\nYou: ").strip()
        except (KeyboardInterrupt, EOFError):
            print("\nBye!")
            break

        if not user_input or user_input.lower() in {"quit", "exit"}:
            print("Bye!")
            break

        try:
            print("Agent: ", end="", flush=True)
            handler = agent.run(user_input, ctx=ctx)

            async for event in handler.stream_events():
                # Stream token-by-token from LLM responses
                if hasattr(event, "delta") and event.delta:
                    print(event.delta, end="", flush=True)
                # Show tool calls as they happen
                elif hasattr(event, "tool_name"):
                    print(f"\n[Using tool: {event.tool_name}]", flush=True)

            # Get final response
            response = await handler
            print()  # Newline after streaming
        except KeyboardInterrupt:
            print("\n[Interrupted]")
            continue
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"\nError: {e}")

async def main() -> None:
    agent = await build_agent()
    await chat_loop(agent)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Handle Ctrl+C gracefully
    signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, lambda s, f: (print("\nBye!"), exit(0)))
    try:
        asyncio.run(main())
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        print("\nBye!")

Conclusion

You've successfully connected Spotify to LlamaIndex through Composio's Tool Router MCP layer. Key takeaways:
  • Tool Router dynamically exposes Spotify tools through an MCP endpoint
  • LlamaIndex's ReActAgent handles reasoning and orchestration; Composio handles integrations
  • The agent becomes more capable without increasing prompt size
  • Async Python provides clean, efficient execution of agent workflows
You can easily extend this to other toolkits like Gmail, Notion, Stripe, GitHub, and more by adding them to the toolkits parameter.

How to build Spotify MCP Agent with another framework

OpenAI Agents SDK

OpenAI Agents SDK

Use Spotify MCP with OpenAI Agents SDK

Claude Agent SDK

Claude Agent SDK

Use Spotify MCP with Claude Agent SDK

Google ADK

Google ADK

Use Spotify MCP with Google ADK

LangChain

LangChain

Use Spotify MCP with LangChain

Vercel AI SDK

Vercel AI SDK

Use Spotify MCP with Vercel AI SDK

Mastra AI

Mastra AI

Use Spotify MCP with Mastra AI

CrewAI

CrewAI

Use Spotify MCP with CrewAI

FAQ

What are the differences in Tool Router MCP and Spotify MCP?

With a standalone Spotify MCP server, the agents and LLMs can only access a fixed set of Spotify tools tied to that server. However, with the Composio Tool Router, agents can dynamically load tools from Spotify and many other apps based on the task at hand, all through a single MCP endpoint.

Can I use Tool Router MCP with LlamaIndex?

Yes, you can. LlamaIndex fully supports MCP integration. You get structured tool calling, message history handling, and model orchestration while Tool Router takes care of discovering and serving the right Spotify tools.

Can I manage the permissions and scopes for Spotify while using Tool Router?

Yes, absolutely. You can configure which Spotify scopes and actions are allowed when connecting your account to Composio. You can also bring your own OAuth credentials or API configuration so you keep full control over what the agent can do.

How safe is my data with Composio Tool Router?

All sensitive data such as tokens, keys, and configuration is fully encrypted at rest and in transit. Composio is SOC 2 Type 2 compliant and follows strict security practices so your Spotify data and credentials are handled as safely as possible.

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