How to integrate Erpnext MCP with Pydantic AI

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Introduction

This guide walks you through connecting Erpnext to Pydantic AI using the Composio tool router. By the end, you'll have a working Erpnext agent that can list overdue tasks for all projects, create a new customer record, get all open purchase orders through natural language commands.

This guide will help you understand how to give your Pydantic AI agent real control over a Erpnext account through Composio's Erpnext MCP server.

Before we dive in, let's take a quick look at the key ideas and tools involved.

TL;DR

Here's what you'll learn:
  • How to set up your Composio API key and User ID
  • How to create a Composio Tool Router session for Erpnext
  • How to attach an MCP Server to a Pydantic AI agent
  • How to stream responses and maintain chat history
  • How to build a simple REPL-style chat interface to test your Erpnext workflows

What is Pydantic AI?

Pydantic AI is a Python framework for building AI agents with strong typing and validation. It leverages Pydantic's data validation capabilities to create robust, type-safe AI applications.

Key features include:

  • Type Safety: Built on Pydantic for automatic data validation
  • MCP Support: Native support for Model Context Protocol servers
  • Streaming: Built-in support for streaming responses
  • Async First: Designed for async/await patterns

What is the Erpnext MCP server, and what's possible with it?

The Erpnext MCP server is an implementation of the Model Context Protocol that connects your AI agent and assistants like Claude, Cursor, etc directly to your Erpnext account. It provides structured and secure access so your agent can perform Erpnext operations on your behalf.

Supported Tools & Triggers

Tools
Add CommentTool to add a comment to a document in ERPNext/Frappe.
Add TagTool to add a tag to a document in ERPNext.
Apply WorkflowTool to apply a workflow action to a document in ERPNext/Frappe.
Cancel DocumentCancel a submitted document in ERPNext/Frappe to change its status from Submitted to Cancelled.
Create DocumentTool to create a new document of a specific DocType in ERPNext.
Create TimesheetTool to create a new Timesheet record in ERPNext.
Create WebhookTool to create a new webhook configuration in ERPNext.
Delete DocumentTool to delete a document using the Frappe client API.
Delete DocumentTool to delete a specific document by DocType and name.
Download file from ERPNextTool to download a file from ERPNext by its URL.
Download PDF DocumentTool to download a document as PDF from ERPNext with optional print format.
Get All LanguagesTool to get a list of all available languages in the ERPNext/Frappe system.
Get All RolesTool to get a list of all roles available in the ERPNext system.
Get DocumentTool to get a single document by DocType and name or filters from Frappe/ERPNext.
Get Document CountTool to get the count of documents matching specified filters in ERPNext/Frappe.
Get DocType MetadataTool to retrieve complete DocType metadata/schema including field definitions, field types, permissions, and configurations.
Get DocumentTool to retrieve a specific document by its DocType and name (ID).
Get Document with MetadataTool to retrieve a document with full metadata including attachments, comments, activity logs, and related information.
Get Exchange RateTool to get the currency exchange rate between two currencies in ERPNext.
Get Fiscal YearTool to get fiscal year information for a given date in ERPNext.
Get Framework VersionTool to get the Frappe framework version and all installed app versions.
Get Item DetailsTool to get detailed item information including pricing, taxes, and stock details from ERPNext.
Get List of DocumentsTool to retrieve a list of documents from ERPNext/Frappe with filtering, field selection, and pagination.
Get Logged UserTool to get the email/ID of the currently authenticated user.
Get Party DetailsTool to get comprehensive customer or supplier details including addresses, contacts, and default financial settings.
Get Payment EntryTool to get payment entry details for an invoice or order from ERPNext.
Get Stock BalanceTool to retrieve the current stock balance for a specific item in a warehouse.
Get TimezonesTool to get a list of all available timezones in the ERPNext system.
Get User RolesTool to get roles assigned to a user.
Get Field ValueTool to get specific field value(s) from a document in ERPNext.
Get Workflow TransitionsTool to get available workflow transitions for a document.
Insert DocumentTool to insert a new document in ERPNext/Frappe using the client API.
Insert Multiple DocumentsTool to insert multiple documents at once into ERPNext/Frappe.
List DocTypesTool to get a list of all DocTypes available in the ERPNext system.
List ERPNext DocumentsTool to list documents of a specific DocType from ERPNext.
List EmployeesTool to retrieve a list of Employee records from ERPNext.
List ProjectsTool to retrieve a list of Project records from ERPNext.
List TimesheetsTool to get a list of Timesheet records from ERPNext.
List WebhooksTool to list webhook configurations in ERPNext.
Make Delivery NoteCreate a draft Delivery Note from an existing Sales Order in ERPNext.
Make Purchase OrderCreate a draft Purchase Order from an existing Material Request in ERPNext.
Make Sales InvoiceTool to create a Sales Invoice from an existing Sales Order in ERPNext.
Make Stock EntryTool to create a Stock Entry for material transfer, receipt, or issue in ERPNext.
Ping APITool to check if the ERPNext/Frappe API is reachable.
Rename DocumentTool to rename an ERPNext document by changing its unique ID/name.
Save Document with ActionTool to save, submit, cancel, or update a document in ERPNext.
Save DocumentTool to save an existing ERPNext/Frappe document with changes.
Global SearchTool to perform global text search across ERPNext documents.
Search Link Field DocumentsTool to search for documents to link in ERPNext/Frappe Link fields.
Set ValueTool to set a specific field value on a document in ERPNext.
Submit DocumentSubmit a draft document in ERPNext/Frappe to change its status from Draft to Submitted.
Update ERPNext documentTool to update a specific ERPNext document.

What is the Composio tool router, and how does it fit here?

What is Tool Router?

Composio's Tool Router helps agents find the right tools for a task at runtime. You can plug in multiple toolkits (like Gmail, HubSpot, and GitHub), and the agent will identify the relevant app and action to complete multi-step workflows. This can reduce token usage and improve the reliability of tool calls. Read more here: Getting started with Tool Router

The tool router generates a secure MCP URL that your agents can access to perform actions.

How the Tool Router works

The Tool Router follows a three-phase workflow:

  1. Discovery: Searches for tools matching your task and returns relevant toolkits with their details.
  2. Authentication: Checks for active connections. If missing, creates an auth config and returns a connection URL via Auth Link.
  3. Execution: Executes the action using the authenticated connection.

Step-by-step Guide

Prerequisites

Before starting, make sure you have:
  • Python 3.9 or higher
  • A Composio account with an active API key
  • Basic familiarity with Python and async programming

Getting API Keys for OpenAI and Composio

OpenAI API Key
  • Go to the OpenAI dashboard and create an API key. You'll need credits to use the models, or you can connect to another model provider.
  • Keep the API key safe.
Composio API Key
  • Log in to the Composio dashboard.
  • Navigate to your API settings and generate a new API key.
  • Store this key securely as you'll need it for authentication.

Install dependencies

bash
pip install composio pydantic-ai python-dotenv

Install the required libraries.

What's happening:

  • composio connects your agent to external SaaS tools like Erpnext
  • pydantic-ai lets you create structured AI agents with tool support
  • python-dotenv loads your environment variables securely from a .env file

Set up environment variables

bash
COMPOSIO_API_KEY=your_composio_api_key_here
USER_ID=your_user_id_here
OPENAI_API_KEY=your_openai_api_key

Create a .env file in your project root.

What's happening:

  • COMPOSIO_API_KEY authenticates your agent to Composio's API
  • USER_ID associates your session with your account for secure tool access
  • OPENAI_API_KEY to access OpenAI LLMs

Import dependencies

python
import asyncio
import os
from dotenv import load_dotenv
from composio import Composio
from pydantic_ai import Agent
from pydantic_ai.mcp import MCPServerStreamableHTTP

load_dotenv()
What's happening:
  • We load environment variables and import required modules
  • Composio manages connections to Erpnext
  • MCPServerStreamableHTTP connects to the Erpnext MCP server endpoint
  • Agent from Pydantic AI lets you define and run the AI assistant

Create a Tool Router Session

python
async def main():
    api_key = os.getenv("COMPOSIO_API_KEY")
    user_id = os.getenv("USER_ID")
    if not api_key or not user_id:
        raise RuntimeError("Set COMPOSIO_API_KEY and USER_ID in your environment")

    # Create a Composio Tool Router session for Erpnext
    composio = Composio(api_key=api_key)
    session = composio.create(
        user_id=user_id,
        toolkits=["erpnext"],
    )
    url = session.mcp.url
    if not url:
        raise ValueError("Composio session did not return an MCP URL")
What's happening:
  • We're creating a Tool Router session that gives your agent access to Erpnext tools
  • The create method takes the user ID and specifies which toolkits should be available
  • The returned session.mcp.url is the MCP server URL that your agent will use

Initialize the Pydantic AI Agent

python
# Attach the MCP server to a Pydantic AI Agent
erpnext_mcp = MCPServerStreamableHTTP(url, headers={"x-api-key": COMPOSIO_API_KEY})
agent = Agent(
    "openai:gpt-5",
    toolsets=[erpnext_mcp],
    instructions=(
        "You are a Erpnext assistant. Use Erpnext tools to help users "
        "with their requests. Ask clarifying questions when needed."
    ),
)
What's happening:
  • The MCP client connects to the Erpnext endpoint
  • The agent uses GPT-5 to interpret user commands and perform Erpnext operations
  • The instructions field defines the agent's role and behavior

Build the chat interface

python
# Simple REPL with message history
history = []
print("Chat started! Type 'exit' or 'quit' to end.\n")
print("Try asking the agent to help you with Erpnext.\n")

while True:
    user_input = input("You: ").strip()
    if user_input.lower() in {"exit", "quit", "bye"}:
        print("\nGoodbye!")
        break
    if not user_input:
        continue

    print("\nAgent is thinking...\n", flush=True)

    async with agent.run_stream(user_input, message_history=history) as stream_result:
        collected_text = ""
        async for chunk in stream_result.stream_output():
            text_piece = None
            if isinstance(chunk, str):
                text_piece = chunk
            elif hasattr(chunk, "delta") and isinstance(chunk.delta, str):
                text_piece = chunk.delta
            elif hasattr(chunk, "text"):
                text_piece = chunk.text
            if text_piece:
                collected_text += text_piece
        result = stream_result

    print(f"Agent: {collected_text}\n")
    history = result.all_messages()
What's happening:
  • The agent reads input from the terminal and streams its response
  • Erpnext API calls happen automatically under the hood
  • The model keeps conversation history to maintain context across turns

Run the application

python
if __name__ == "__main__":
    asyncio.run(main())
What's happening:
  • The asyncio loop launches the agent and keeps it running until you exit

Complete Code

Here's the complete code to get you started with Erpnext and Pydantic AI:

python
import asyncio
import os
from dotenv import load_dotenv
from composio import Composio
from pydantic_ai import Agent
from pydantic_ai.mcp import MCPServerStreamableHTTP

load_dotenv()

async def main():
    api_key = os.getenv("COMPOSIO_API_KEY")
    user_id = os.getenv("USER_ID")
    if not api_key or not user_id:
        raise RuntimeError("Set COMPOSIO_API_KEY and USER_ID in your environment")

    # Create a Composio Tool Router session for Erpnext
    composio = Composio(api_key=api_key)
    session = composio.create(
        user_id=user_id,
        toolkits=["erpnext"],
    )
    url = session.mcp.url
    if not url:
        raise ValueError("Composio session did not return an MCP URL")

    # Attach the MCP server to a Pydantic AI Agent
    erpnext_mcp = MCPServerStreamableHTTP(url, headers={"x-api-key": COMPOSIO_API_KEY})
    agent = Agent(
        "openai:gpt-5",
        toolsets=[erpnext_mcp],
        instructions=(
            "You are a Erpnext assistant. Use Erpnext tools to help users "
            "with their requests. Ask clarifying questions when needed."
        ),
    )

    # Simple REPL with message history
    history = []
    print("Chat started! Type 'exit' or 'quit' to end.\n")
    print("Try asking the agent to help you with Erpnext.\n")

    while True:
        user_input = input("You: ").strip()
        if user_input.lower() in {"exit", "quit", "bye"}:
            print("\nGoodbye!")
            break
        if not user_input:
            continue

        print("\nAgent is thinking...\n", flush=True)

        async with agent.run_stream(user_input, message_history=history) as stream_result:
            collected_text = ""
            async for chunk in stream_result.stream_output():
                text_piece = None
                if isinstance(chunk, str):
                    text_piece = chunk
                elif hasattr(chunk, "delta") and isinstance(chunk.delta, str):
                    text_piece = chunk.delta
                elif hasattr(chunk, "text"):
                    text_piece = chunk.text
                if text_piece:
                    collected_text += text_piece
            result = stream_result

        print(f"Agent: {collected_text}\n")
        history = result.all_messages()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    asyncio.run(main())

Conclusion

You've built a Pydantic AI agent that can interact with Erpnext through Composio's Tool Router. With this setup, your agent can perform real Erpnext actions through natural language. You can extend this further by:
  • Adding other toolkits like Gmail, HubSpot, or Salesforce
  • Building a web-based chat interface around this agent
  • Using multiple MCP endpoints to enable cross-app workflows (for example, Gmail + Erpnext for workflow automation)
This architecture makes your AI agent "agent-native", able to securely use APIs in a unified, composable way without custom integrations.

How to build Erpnext MCP Agent with another framework

OpenAI Agents SDK

OpenAI Agents SDK

Use Erpnext MCP with OpenAI Agents SDK

Claude Agent SDK

Claude Agent SDK

Use Erpnext MCP with Claude Agent SDK

Google ADK

Google ADK

Use Erpnext MCP with Google ADK

LangChain

LangChain

Use Erpnext MCP with LangChain

Vercel AI SDK

Vercel AI SDK

Use Erpnext MCP with Vercel AI SDK

Mastra AI

Mastra AI

Use Erpnext MCP with Mastra AI

LlamaIndex

LlamaIndex

Use Erpnext MCP with LlamaIndex

CrewAI

CrewAI

Use Erpnext MCP with CrewAI

Claude Code

Claude Code

Use Erpnext MCP with Claude Code

Codex

Codex

Use Erpnext MCP with Codex

FAQ

What are the differences in Tool Router MCP and Erpnext MCP?

With a standalone Erpnext MCP server, the agents and LLMs can only access a fixed set of Erpnext tools tied to that server. However, with the Composio Tool Router, agents can dynamically load tools from Erpnext and many other apps based on the task at hand, all through a single MCP endpoint.

Can I use Tool Router MCP with Pydantic AI?

Yes, you can. Pydantic AI fully supports MCP integration. You get structured tool calling, message history handling, and model orchestration while Tool Router takes care of discovering and serving the right Erpnext tools.

Can I manage the permissions and scopes for Erpnext while using Tool Router?

Yes, absolutely. You can configure which Erpnext scopes and actions are allowed when connecting your account to Composio. You can also bring your own OAuth credentials or API configuration so you keep full control over what the agent can do.

How safe is my data with Composio Tool Router?

All sensitive data such as tokens, keys, and configuration is fully encrypted at rest and in transit. Composio is SOC 2 Type 2 compliant and follows strict security practices so your Erpnext data and credentials are handled as safely as possible.

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