# How to integrate Gmail MCP with Pydantic AI ```json { "title": "How to integrate Gmail MCP with Pydantic AI", "toolkit": "Gmail", "toolkit_slug": "gmail", "framework": "Pydantic AI", "framework_slug": "pydantic-ai", "url": "https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/pydantic-ai", "markdown_url": "https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/pydantic-ai.md", "updated_at": "2026-05-06T08:13:39.350Z" } ``` ## Introduction This guide walks you through connecting Gmail to Pydantic AI using the Composio tool router. By the end, you'll have a working Gmail agent that can read emails, search your inbox, draft messages, manage labels, and organize threads through natural language commands. This guide will help you understand how to give your Pydantic AI agent real control over a Gmail account through Composio's Gmail MCP server. Before we dive in, let's take a quick look at the key ideas and tools involved. ## Also integrate Gmail with - [ChatGPT](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/chatgpt) - [OpenAI Agents SDK](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/open-ai-agents-sdk) - [Claude Agent SDK](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/claude-agents-sdk) - [Claude Code](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/claude-code) - [Claude Cowork](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/claude-cowork) - [Codex](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/codex) - [Cursor](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/cursor) - [VS Code](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/vscode) - [OpenCode](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/opencode) - [OpenClaw](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/openclaw) - [Hermes](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/hermes-agent) - [CLI](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/cli) - [Google ADK](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/google-adk) - [LangChain](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/langchain) - [Vercel AI SDK](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/ai-sdk) - [Mastra AI](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/mastra-ai) - [LlamaIndex](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/llama-index) - [CrewAI](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/crew-ai) ## TL;DR Here's what you'll learn: - How to set up your Composio API key and User ID - How to create a Composio Tool Router session for Gmail - How to attach an MCP Server to a Pydantic AI agent - How to stream responses and maintain chat history - How to build a simple REPL-style chat interface to test your Gmail workflows ## What is Pydantic AI? Pydantic AI is a Python framework for building AI agents with strong typing and validation. It leverages Pydantic's data validation capabilities to create robust, type-safe AI applications. Key features include: - Type Safety: Built on Pydantic for automatic data validation - MCP Support: Native support for Model Context Protocol servers - Streaming: Built-in support for streaming responses - Async First: Designed for async/await patterns ## What is the Gmail MCP server, and what's possible with it? The Gmail MCP server is an implementation of the Model Context Protocol that connects your AI agent and assistants like Claude, Cursor, etc directly to your Gmail account. It provides structured and secure access to your email, so your agent can search, read, draft, organize, and even manage contacts in your mailbox—all on your behalf. - Advanced email search and retrieval: Effortlessly instruct your agent to fetch emails by sender, subject, label, date, or keywords, and even retrieve full message content or threads. - Automated drafting and sending: Have your agent create new email drafts, craft replies, add CC/BCC, include attachments, and handle threading to streamline communication. - Smart label and inbox organization: Let the agent create new labels, apply or remove labels from emails, and keep your inbox clutter-free by archiving or moving messages. - Contact and thread management: Fetch your Gmail contacts, pull entire conversation threads, or download specific attachments to make follow-ups a breeze. - Email and draft cleanup: Direct your agent to permanently delete emails or drafts, helping you maintain a tidy mailbox with minimal effort. ## Supported Tools | Tool slug | Name | Description | |---|---|---| | `GMAIL_ADD_LABEL_TO_EMAIL` | Modify email labels | Adds and/or removes specified gmail labels for a message; ensure `message id` and all `label ids` are valid (use 'listlabels' for custom label ids). | | `GMAIL_CREATE_EMAIL_DRAFT` | Create email draft | Creates a gmail email draft, supporting to/cc/bcc, subject, plain/html body (ensure `is html=true` for html), attachments, and threading. | | `GMAIL_CREATE_LABEL` | Create label | Creates a new label with a unique name in the specified user's gmail account. | | `GMAIL_DELETE_DRAFT` | Delete Draft | Permanently deletes a specific gmail draft using its id; ensure the draft exists and the user has necessary permissions for the given `user id`. | | `GMAIL_DELETE_MESSAGE` | Delete message | Permanently deletes a specific email message by its id from a gmail mailbox; for `user id`, use 'me' for the authenticated user or an email address to which the authenticated user has delegated access. | | `GMAIL_FETCH_EMAILS` | Fetch emails | Fetches a list of email messages from a gmail account, supporting filtering, pagination, and optional full content retrieval. | | `GMAIL_FETCH_MESSAGE_BY_MESSAGE_ID` | Fetch message by message ID | Fetches a specific email message by its id, provided the `message id` exists and is accessible to the authenticated `user id`. | | `GMAIL_FETCH_MESSAGE_BY_THREAD_ID` | Fetch Message by Thread ID | Retrieves messages from a gmail thread using its `thread id`, where the thread must be accessible by the specified `user id`. | | `GMAIL_GET_ATTACHMENT` | Get Gmail attachment | Retrieves a specific attachment by id from a message in a user's gmail mailbox, requiring valid message and attachment ids. | | `GMAIL_GET_CONTACTS` | Get contacts | Fetches contacts (connections) for the authenticated google account, allowing selection of specific data fields and pagination. | | `GMAIL_GET_PEOPLE` | Get People | Retrieves either a specific person's details (using `resource name`) or lists 'other contacts' (if `other contacts` is true), with `person fields` specifying the data to return. | | `GMAIL_GET_PROFILE` | Get Profile | Retrieves key gmail profile information (email address, message/thread totals, history id) for a user. | | `GMAIL_LIST_DRAFTS` | List drafts | Retrieves a paginated list of email drafts from a user's gmail account. use verbose=true to get full draft details including subject, body, sender, and timestamp. | | `GMAIL_LIST_LABELS` | List Gmail labels | Retrieves a list of all system and user-created labels for the specified gmail account. | | `GMAIL_LIST_THREADS` | List threads | Retrieves a list of email threads from a gmail account, identified by `user id` (email address or 'me'), supporting filtering and pagination. | | `GMAIL_MODIFY_THREAD_LABELS` | Modify thread labels | Adds or removes specified existing label ids from a gmail thread, affecting all its messages; ensure the thread id is valid. | | `GMAIL_MOVE_TO_TRASH` | Move to Trash | Moves an existing, non-deleted email message to the trash for the specified user. | | `GMAIL_PATCH_LABEL` | Patch Label | Patches the specified label. | | `GMAIL_REMOVE_LABEL` | Remove label | Permanently deletes a specific, existing user-created gmail label by its id for a user; cannot delete system labels. | | `GMAIL_REPLY_TO_THREAD` | Reply to email thread | Sends a reply within a specific gmail thread using the original thread's subject, requiring a valid `thread id` and correctly formatted email addresses. supports attachments via the `attachment` parameter with valid `s3key`, `mimetype`, and `name`. | | `GMAIL_SEARCH_PEOPLE` | Search People | Searches contacts by matching the query against names, nicknames, emails, phone numbers, and organizations, optionally including 'other contacts'. | | `GMAIL_SEND_DRAFT` | Send Draft | Sends the specified, existing draft to the recipients in the to, cc, and bcc headers. | | `GMAIL_SEND_EMAIL` | Send Email | Sends an email via gmail api using the authenticated user's google profile display name, requiring `is html=true` if the body contains html and valid `s3key`, `mimetype`, `name` for any attachment. | ## Supported Triggers | Trigger slug | Name | Description | |---|---|---| | `GMAIL_EMAIL_SENT_TRIGGER` | Email Sent | Triggers when a Gmail message is sent by the authenticated user. It polls the 'SENT' label and emits metadata including sender, recipients, subject, timestamp, and thread ID. | | `GMAIL_NEW_GMAIL_MESSAGE` | New Gmail Message Received Trigger | Triggers when a new message is received in Gmail. | ## Creating MCP Server - Stand-alone vs Composio SDK The Gmail MCP server is an implementation of the Model Context Protocol that connects your AI agent to Gmail. It provides structured and secure access so your agent can perform Gmail operations on your behalf through a secure, permission-based interface. With Composio's managed implementation, you don't have to create your own developer app. For production, if you're building an end product, we recommend using your own credentials. The managed server helps you prototype fast and go from 0-1 faster. ## Step-by-step Guide ### 1. Prerequisites Before starting, make sure you have: - Python 3.9 or higher - A Composio account with an active API key - Basic familiarity with Python and async programming ### 1. Getting API Keys for OpenAI and Composio OpenAI API Key - Go to the [OpenAI dashboard](https://platform.openai.com/settings/organization/api-keys) and create an API key. You'll need credits to use the models, or you can connect to another model provider. - Keep the API key safe. Composio API Key - Log in to the [Composio dashboard](https://dashboard.composio.dev?utm_source=toolkits&utm_medium=framework_docs). - Navigate to your API settings and generate a new API key. - Store this key securely as you'll need it for authentication. ### 2. Install dependencies Install the required libraries. What's happening: - composio connects your agent to external SaaS tools like Gmail - pydantic-ai lets you create structured AI agents with tool support - python-dotenv loads your environment variables securely from a .env file ```bash pip install composio pydantic-ai python-dotenv ``` ### 3. Set up environment variables Create a .env file in your project root. What's happening: - COMPOSIO_API_KEY authenticates your agent to Composio's API - USER_ID associates your session with your account for secure tool access - OPENAI_API_KEY to access OpenAI LLMs ```bash COMPOSIO_API_KEY=your_composio_api_key_here USER_ID=your_user_id_here OPENAI_API_KEY=your_openai_api_key ``` ### 4. Import dependencies What's happening: - We load environment variables and import required modules - Composio manages connections to Gmail - MCPServerStreamableHTTP connects to the Gmail MCP server endpoint - Agent from Pydantic AI lets you define and run the AI assistant ```python import asyncio import os from dotenv import load_dotenv from composio import Composio from pydantic_ai import Agent from pydantic_ai.mcp import MCPServerStreamableHTTP load_dotenv() ``` ### 5. Create a Tool Router Session What's happening: - We're creating a Tool Router session that gives your agent access to Gmail tools - The create method takes the user ID and specifies which toolkits should be available - The returned session.mcp.url is the MCP server URL that your agent will use ```python async def main(): api_key = os.getenv("COMPOSIO_API_KEY") user_id = os.getenv("USER_ID") if not api_key or not user_id: raise RuntimeError("Set COMPOSIO_API_KEY and USER_ID in your environment") # Create a Composio Tool Router session for Gmail composio = Composio(api_key=api_key) session = composio.create( user_id=user_id, toolkits=["gmail"], ) url = session.mcp.url if not url: raise ValueError("Composio session did not return an MCP URL") ``` ### 6. Initialize the Pydantic AI Agent What's happening: - The MCP client connects to the Gmail endpoint - The agent uses GPT-5 to interpret user commands and perform Gmail operations - The instructions field defines the agent's role and behavior ```python # Attach the MCP server to a Pydantic AI Agent gmail_mcp = MCPServerStreamableHTTP(url, headers={"x-api-key": COMPOSIO_API_KEY}) agent = Agent( "openai:gpt-5", toolsets=[gmail_mcp], instructions=( "You are a Gmail assistant. Use Gmail tools to help users " "with their requests. Ask clarifying questions when needed." ), ) ``` ### 7. Build the chat interface What's happening: - The agent reads input from the terminal and streams its response - Gmail API calls happen automatically under the hood - The model keeps conversation history to maintain context across turns ```python # Simple REPL with message history history = [] print("Chat started! Type 'exit' or 'quit' to end.\n") print("Try asking the agent to help you with Gmail.\n") while True: user_input = input("You: ").strip() if user_input.lower() in {"exit", "quit", "bye"}: print("\nGoodbye!") break if not user_input: continue print("\nAgent is thinking...\n", flush=True) async with agent.run_stream(user_input, message_history=history) as stream_result: collected_text = "" async for chunk in stream_result.stream_output(): text_piece = None if isinstance(chunk, str): text_piece = chunk elif hasattr(chunk, "delta") and isinstance(chunk.delta, str): text_piece = chunk.delta elif hasattr(chunk, "text"): text_piece = chunk.text if text_piece: collected_text += text_piece result = stream_result print(f"Agent: {collected_text}\n") history = result.all_messages() ``` ### 8. Run the application What's happening: - The asyncio loop launches the agent and keeps it running until you exit ```python if __name__ == "__main__": asyncio.run(main()) ``` ## Complete Code ```python import asyncio import os from dotenv import load_dotenv from composio import Composio from pydantic_ai import Agent from pydantic_ai.mcp import MCPServerStreamableHTTP load_dotenv() async def main(): api_key = os.getenv("COMPOSIO_API_KEY") user_id = os.getenv("USER_ID") if not api_key or not user_id: raise RuntimeError("Set COMPOSIO_API_KEY and USER_ID in your environment") # Create a Composio Tool Router session for Gmail composio = Composio(api_key=api_key) session = composio.create( user_id=user_id, toolkits=["gmail"], ) url = session.mcp.url if not url: raise ValueError("Composio session did not return an MCP URL") # Attach the MCP server to a Pydantic AI Agent gmail_mcp = MCPServerStreamableHTTP(url, headers={"x-api-key": COMPOSIO_API_KEY}) agent = Agent( "openai:gpt-5", toolsets=[gmail_mcp], instructions=( "You are a Gmail assistant. Use Gmail tools to help users " "with their requests. Ask clarifying questions when needed." ), ) # Simple REPL with message history history = [] print("Chat started! Type 'exit' or 'quit' to end.\n") print("Try asking the agent to help you with Gmail.\n") while True: user_input = input("You: ").strip() if user_input.lower() in {"exit", "quit", "bye"}: print("\nGoodbye!") break if not user_input: continue print("\nAgent is thinking...\n", flush=True) async with agent.run_stream(user_input, message_history=history) as stream_result: collected_text = "" async for chunk in stream_result.stream_output(): text_piece = None if isinstance(chunk, str): text_piece = chunk elif hasattr(chunk, "delta") and isinstance(chunk.delta, str): text_piece = chunk.delta elif hasattr(chunk, "text"): text_piece = chunk.text if text_piece: collected_text += text_piece result = stream_result print(f"Agent: {collected_text}\n") history = result.all_messages() if __name__ == "__main__": asyncio.run(main()) ``` ## Conclusion You've built a Pydantic AI agent that can interact with Gmail through Composio's Tool Router. With this setup, your agent can perform real Gmail actions through natural language. You can extend this further by: - Adding other toolkits like Gmail, HubSpot, or Salesforce - Building a web-based chat interface around this agent - Using multiple MCP endpoints to enable cross-app workflows (for example, Gmail + Gmail for workflow automation) This architecture makes your AI agent "agent-native", able to securely use APIs in a unified, composable way without custom integrations. ## How to build Gmail MCP Agent with another framework - [ChatGPT](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/chatgpt) - [OpenAI Agents SDK](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/open-ai-agents-sdk) - [Claude Agent SDK](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/claude-agents-sdk) - [Claude Code](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/claude-code) - [Claude Cowork](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/claude-cowork) - [Codex](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/codex) - [Cursor](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/cursor) - [VS Code](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/vscode) - [OpenCode](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/opencode) - [OpenClaw](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/openclaw) - [Hermes](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/hermes-agent) - [CLI](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/cli) - [Google ADK](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/google-adk) - [LangChain](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/langchain) - [Vercel AI SDK](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/ai-sdk) - [Mastra AI](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/mastra-ai) - [LlamaIndex](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/llama-index) - [CrewAI](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gmail/framework/crew-ai) ## Related Toolkits - [Outlook](https://composio.dev/toolkits/outlook) - Outlook is Microsoft's email and calendaring platform for unified communications and scheduling. It helps users stay organized with powerful email, contacts, and calendar management. - [Slack](https://composio.dev/toolkits/slack) - Slack is a channel-based messaging platform for teams and organizations. It helps people collaborate in real time, share files, and connect all their tools in one place. - [Gong](https://composio.dev/toolkits/gong) - Gong is a platform for video meetings, call recording, and team collaboration. It helps teams capture conversations, analyze calls, and turn insights into action. - [Microsoft teams](https://composio.dev/toolkits/microsoft_teams) - Microsoft Teams is a collaboration platform that combines chat, meetings, and file sharing within Microsoft 365. It keeps distributed teams connected and productive through seamless virtual communication. - [Slackbot](https://composio.dev/toolkits/slackbot) - Slackbot is a conversational automation tool for Slack that handles reminders, notifications, and automated responses. It boosts team productivity by streamlining onboarding, answering FAQs, and managing timely alerts—all right inside Slack. - [2chat](https://composio.dev/toolkits/_2chat) - 2chat is an API platform for WhatsApp and multichannel text messaging. It streamlines chat automation, group management, and real-time messaging for developers. - [Agent mail](https://composio.dev/toolkits/agent_mail) - Agent mail provides AI agents with dedicated email inboxes for sending, receiving, and managing emails. It empowers agents to communicate autonomously with people, services, and other agents—no human intervention needed. - [Basecamp](https://composio.dev/toolkits/basecamp) - Basecamp is a project management and team collaboration tool by 37signals. It helps teams organize tasks, share files, and communicate efficiently in one place. - [Chatwork](https://composio.dev/toolkits/chatwork) - Chatwork is a team communication platform with group chats, file sharing, and task management. It helps businesses boost collaboration and streamline productivity. - [Clickmeeting](https://composio.dev/toolkits/clickmeeting) - ClickMeeting is a cloud-based platform for running online meetings and webinars. It helps businesses and individuals host, manage, and engage virtual audiences with ease. - [Confluence](https://composio.dev/toolkits/confluence) - Confluence is Atlassian's team collaboration and knowledge management platform. It helps your team organize, share, and update documents and project content in one secure workspace. - [Dailybot](https://composio.dev/toolkits/dailybot) - DailyBot streamlines team collaboration with chat-based standups, reminders, and polls. It keeps work flowing smoothly in your favorite messaging platforms. - [Dialmycalls](https://composio.dev/toolkits/dialmycalls) - Dialmycalls is a mass notification service for sending voice and text messages to contacts. It helps teams and organizations quickly broadcast urgent alerts and updates. - [Dialpad](https://composio.dev/toolkits/dialpad) - Dialpad is a cloud-based business phone and contact center system for teams. It unifies voice, video, messaging, and meetings across your devices. - [Discord](https://composio.dev/toolkits/discord) - Discord is a real-time messaging and VoIP platform for communities and teams. It lets users chat, share media, and collaborate across public and private channels. - [Discordbot](https://composio.dev/toolkits/discordbot) - Discordbot is an automation tool for Discord servers that handles moderation, messaging, and user engagement. It helps communities run smoothly by automating routine and complex tasks. - [Echtpost](https://composio.dev/toolkits/echtpost) - Echtpost is a secure digital communication platform for encrypted document and message exchange. It ensures confidential data stays private and protected during transmission. - [Egnyte](https://composio.dev/toolkits/egnyte) - Egnyte is a cloud-based platform for secure file sharing, storage, and governance. It helps teams collaborate efficiently while maintaining data compliance and security. - [Google Meet](https://composio.dev/toolkits/googlemeet) - Google Meet is a secure video conferencing platform for virtual meetings, chat, and screen sharing. It helps teams connect, collaborate, and communicate seamlessly from anywhere. - [Heartbeat](https://composio.dev/toolkits/heartbeat) - Heartbeat is a plug-and-play platform for building and managing online communities. It helps you organize users, channels, events, and discussions in one place. ## Frequently Asked Questions ### What are the differences in Tool Router MCP and Gmail MCP? With a standalone Gmail MCP server, the agents and LLMs can only access a fixed set of Gmail tools tied to that server. However, with the Composio Tool Router, agents can dynamically load tools from Gmail and many other apps based on the task at hand, all through a single MCP endpoint. ### Can I use Tool Router MCP with Pydantic AI? Yes, you can. Pydantic AI fully supports MCP integration. You get structured tool calling, message history handling, and model orchestration while Tool Router takes care of discovering and serving the right Gmail tools. ### Can I manage the permissions and scopes for Gmail while using Tool Router? Yes, absolutely. You can configure which Gmail scopes and actions are allowed when connecting your account to Composio. You can also bring your own OAuth credentials or API configuration so you keep full control over what the agent can do. ### How safe is my data with Composio Tool Router? All sensitive data such as tokens, keys, and configuration is fully encrypted at rest and in transit. Composio is SOC 2 Type 2 compliant and follows strict security practices so your Gmail data and credentials are handled as safely as possible. --- [See all toolkits](https://composio.dev/toolkits) · [Composio docs](https://docs.composio.dev/llms.txt)